An optical apparatus for a near-eye display includes a microdisplay to emit image light and one or more field lenses positioned to receive the image light from the microdisplay. The one or more field lenses have a combined optical power to form a curved intermediate image. A freeform combiner, having an eyeward side and an external side, is positioned to receive the image light from the one or more field lenses and reflect the image light. A curved intermediate image is formed between the freeform combiner and the one or more field lenses.

There is provided a projection optical system capable of projecting an image formed on an image forming unit on a projection plane, which has an extremely short projection distance and a small size.

This image display apparatus includes a light source, an image generation unit, and a projection optical system. The image generation unit generates image light. The projection optical system includes a first lens system, a first reflection optical system, a second lens system, and a second reflection optical system. The first lens system refracts the image light. The first reflection optical system has two or more reflection surfaces that fold back and reflect the refracted image light. The second lens system refracts the image light reflected by the first reflection optical system. The second reflection optical system reflects the image light refracted by the second lens system toward a projection object. The first reflection optical system includes an optical component having a principal surface on which one reflection surface of the two or more reflection surfaces is configured. The principal surface includes a transmission surface that allows the image light to pass therethrough, the transmission surface being configured in a region having a shape rotationally asymmetric to the reflection surface with respect to an optical axis of the optical component and including the optical axis.

A projection system includes a first optical system and a second optical system. The second optical system includes a first lens group disposed on an enlargement side of an intersection position where a chief ray of an off-axis beam having a maximum angle of view intersects with an optical axis of the projection system in the second optical system, a second lens group disposed on the reduction side of the intersection position and having negative power, and a third lens group disposed on the reduction side of the second lens group and having positive power. The second lens group includes a first lens having positive power, a second lens disposed on the reduction side of the first lens and having positive power, and a third lens disposed on the reduction side of the second lens and having negative power. The third lens group includes two lenses each having positive power.

An imaging system, including a light valve, a projection surface, and a projection lens, is provided. The projection lens has a reduction side and a magnification side, and includes a lens group and a convex mirror. The light valve is configured on the reduction side. The projection surface is configured on the magnification side. There is an included angle between the projection surface and a light receiving surface. The lens group is configured on an optical path between the magnification side and the reduction side, and includes first to seventh lens elements sequentially arranged from the magnification side to the reduction side. The refractive powers of the first to seventh lens elements are respectively negative, negative, positive, positive, negative, positive, and positive. The convex mirror is configured on an optical path between the lens group and the magnification side. A projection device, including the imaging system, is also provided.

The present invention relates to a reflective eyepiece optical system and a head-mounted near-to-eye display apparatus. The system includes: a first lens group, and a first optical element and a second lens group for transmitting and reflecting a light from a miniature image displayer. The second lens group includes an optical reflection surface, and the optical reflection surface is an optical surface farthest from a human eye viewing side in the second lens group. The optical reflection surface is concave to a human eye viewing direction. The first optical element reflects the light refracted by the first lens group to the second lens group, and then transmits the light refracted, reflected, and refracted by the second lens group to the human eye.

The present invention relates to a reflective eyepiece optical system and a head-mounted near-to-eye display device. The system includes: a first optical element and a second optical element arranged successively in an incident direction of an optical axis of human eyes, and a first lens group located on an optical axis of a miniature image displayer. The first optical element is used for transmitting and reflecting an image light from the miniature image displayer. The second optical element includes an optical reflection surface. The first optical element reflects the image light refracted by the first lens group to the second optical element, and then transmits the image light reflected by the second optical element to the human eyes.

A projection exposure method and apparatus are disclosed for exposing a radiation-sensitive substrate with at least one image of a pattern of a mask under the control of an operating control system of a projection exposure apparatus, part of the pattern lying in an illumination region is imaged onto the image field on the substrate with the aid of a projection lens, wherein all rays of the projection radiation contributing to the image generation in the image field form a projection beam path.

A variable magnification optical system consists of, in order from an object side, a first optical system remaining stationary during changing magnification and a second optical system including a plurality of lens groups moving during changing magnification. The first optical system includes a first mirror and a second mirror having reflective surfaces arranged to face each other. The first mirror is an optical element having a power at a position closest to the object side on an optical path and has a reflective surface concave toward the object side. The second mirror has a reflective surface convex toward the image side. An intermediate image is formed between the second mirror and the second optical system.

An image display apparatus includes a light source, an image generation unit which generates image light, and a projection optical system including a first lens system which refracts the image light, a first reflection optical system having two or more reflection surfaces that fold back and reflect the refracted image light, a second lens system which refracts the image light reflected by the first reflection optical system, and a second reflection optical system which reflects the image light refracted by the second lens system toward a projection object. The first reflection optical system includes an optical component having a principal surface on which one of the reflection surfaces is configured. The principal surface includes a transmission surface that allows the image light to pass therethrough, configured in a region having a shape rotationally asymmetric to the reflection surface with respect to an optical axis of the optical component.