Laminated glazings with embedded wire circuits, have many uses. But, due to the higher cost of manufacture, they are not widely used. This invention provides a process to reduce the cost of production for embedded wire laminated glazing. Rather than embedding the wire one interlayer at a time, several circuits are produced on the same sheet, cut out and then inserted into the interlayer of each separate laminate during assembly, reducing the direct labor and capital investment required.

A sensor includes a visible light sensor configured to sense light in a visible wavelength spectrum, a near infra-red light sensor on the visible light sensor and configured to sense light in a near infra-red wavelength spectrum, and an optical filter on the near infra-red light sensor and configured to selectively transmit the light in the visible wavelength spectrum and the light in the near infra-red wavelength spectrum, and an electronic device.

A sensor includes a visible light sensor configured to sense light in a visible wavelength spectrum, a near infra-red light sensor on the visible light sensor and configured to sense light in a near infra-red wavelength spectrum, and an optical filter on the near infra-red light sensor and configured to selectively transmit the light in the visible wavelength spectrum and the light in the near infra-red wavelength spectrum, and an electronic device.

As for a method for manufacturing a light valve and a light valve manufactured thereby of the present invention, the light valve is composed of a film 1 in which a light-polarizing suspension 3, containing: 5 to 20 wt % of light polarization variable particles 4 showing light polarization characteristics and having a size of 0.2 to 0.5 μm; 2 to 10 wt % of a dispersion aid; and 80 to 93 wt % of a suspension agent which is a plasticizer, is dispersed in the form of fine droplets 5 in a polymer resin 2 having excellent adhesive strength to a substrate 9, wherein the ratio of the droplets 5 and the polymer resin 2 is 0.5 to 1:1, the polymer resin 2 is polyvinyl butyral, and regarding the suspension agent constituting the light-polarizing suspension 3, at least one plasticizer among trioctyl trimellitate- or trioctyldecyl trimellitate-based plasticizers is used as the suspension agent.

Disclosed is an optical assembly having a first variable transmission layer comprising a first electro-optically active material between a first pair of substrates, a second variable transmission layer comprising a second electro-optically active material between a second pair of substrates, and an electronically switchable birefringent layer, that is capable of altering the phase of incident light, situated between the first and second variable transmission layers. The layers are arranged such that light passing through the optical assembly can be altered based on the voltage applied to each layer. The light transmission levels can be altered between maximally transmissive, minimally transmissive, and semi-transparent levels between the maximally and minimally transmissive levels.

Disclosed is an optical assembly having a first variable transmission layer comprising a first electro-optically active material between a first pair of substrates, a second variable transmission layer comprising a second electro-optically active material between a second pair of substrates, and an electronically switchable birefringent layer, that is capable of altering the phase of incident light, situated between the first and second variable transmission layers. The layers are arranged such that light passing through the optical assembly can be altered based on the voltage applied to each layer. The light transmission levels can be altered between maximally transmissive, minimally transmissive, and semi-transparent levels between the maximally and minimally transmissive levels.

Improved systems and methods for externally modulating a laser. Such systems may comprise a laser section and a modulator section made of an active material that selectively absorbs light from the laser section, where the operating wavelength of the laser is near the exciton absorption peak of the active material of the EAM.

Improved systems and methods for externally modulating a laser. Such systems may comprise a laser section and a modulator section made of an active material that selectively absorbs light from the laser section, where the operating wavelength of the laser is near the exciton absorption peak of the active material of the EAM.

Smart windows, on which the level of visible light transmission can be electrically switched, are produced by laminating a special switchable film between the two layers of a glass laminate The film is made by sandwiching an emulsion containing the switchable variable light transmission active material between a set of electrodes. One of the challenges of producing said laminates is preventing the migration of plasticizers and moisture from the plastic bonding layer of the laminate into the emulsion where it can degrade performance. By applying a sealing member to each electrode layer along the periphery the emulsion is protected and in a manner that facilitates automation of the process.

Disclosed are electrochemically tunable metamaterials which are capable of complete reversibility such that the metamaterial itself can physically disappear (out of the active region) and reappear later, in a controllable manner. Some variations provide an electrochemically tunable, solid-state metamaterial-based device comprising a plurality of metamaterial unit cells, wherein each of the metamaterial unit cells comprises: an ion conductor containing mobile metal ions; a first electrode in contact with the ion conductor, wherein the first electrode is contained in a metasurface negative space disposed on the ion conductor; a second electrode in contact with the ion conductor, wherein the second electrode is electrically isolated from the first electrode; and a metal-containing region containing one or more metals, wherein the metal-containing region is contained within a metasurface positive space disposed on the ion conductor.