An antimicrobial toner particle composition is disclosed. The antimicrobial toner particle composition includes a binder resin, and an antimicrobial material in an effective antimicrobial amount comprising copper oxide. An image forming apparatus is also disclosed, capable of forming a fused antimicrobial image on a recording medium.

An electrostatic latent image developing toner includes toner particles each including a toner core (10) and a shell layer (20) covering a surface of the toner core (10). The shell layer (20) contains a hydrophilic thermosetting resin and a hydrophobic thermoplastic resin. The hydrophilic thermosetting resin is a resin having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of oxazoline groups, carbodiimide groups, and isocyanate groups. The hydrophobic thermoplastic resin is exposed at surfaces of the toner particle.

Provided is a toner that achieves low-temperature fixability, storability and charging performance all at a high level, in which a toner containing a crystalline resin and an amorphous resin, wherein a standard deviation of hydrogen nuclear relaxation times (HT1ρ-C) of the toner as measured by solid-state .sup.13C-NMR is from 0.0 to 5.0, and a hydrogen nuclear relaxation time (HT1ρ-C1) of a .sup.13C peak with the longest relaxation time out of the hydrogen nuclear relaxation times (HT1ρ-C) and a hydrogen nuclear relaxation time (HT1ρ-A1) of a .sup.13C peak with the shortest relaxation time out of the hydrogen nuclear relaxation times (HT1ρ-A) satisfy 3.0≦{(HT1ρ-C1)/(HT1ρ-A1)}≦6.0.

A toner for electrostatic charge image development, wherein a spin-spin relaxation time of the toner at 90° C. is 0.30 msec or more but 1.50 msec or less, and a spin-spin relaxation time of the toner at 50° C. is 0.0185 msec or more but 0.0300 msec or less, the spin-spin relaxation time of the toner at 90° C. and the spin-spin relaxation time of the toner at 50° C. being obtained by Hahn echo method of pulse NMR analysis.

A toner is provided. The toner includes an amorphous resin, a crystalline resin dispersed in the amorphous resin, and a release agent. The toner satisfies the following inequality:

B/A<0.8

where A represents a perimeter of the crystalline resin and B represents a length of a part of the perimeter A of the crystalline resin at which the crystalline resin is in contact with the amorphous resin, A and B being measured from a cross-sectional image of the toner observed with transmission electron microscope.

There is provided an electrostatic image-developing toner containing a binder resin, a coloring agent and a release agent having a melting temperature of 85° C. to 120° C., the toner having a sea-island structure involving a sea part containing the binder resin and an island part containing the release agent, wherein a mode value of the distribution of the eccentricity degree B of the release agent-containing island part, represented by the specific formula, is from 0.75 to 1.00 and a skewness of the distribution of the eccentricity degree B is from −1.30 to −0.50.

Provided is a toner including at least: a binder resin; and a release agent, wherein in a transmission electron microscopic (TEM) image of a torn cross-section of the toner, the release agent has an acicular or filiform shape and an average aspect ratio of 31 or greater, and wherein a displacement amount of the toner when 250 micronewtons is applied to the toner in a microcompression test is 700 nm or less.

An electrostatic latent image developing toner includes a plurality of toner particles each including a composite core and a shell layer covering a surface of the composite core. The composite core is a composite of a toner core and a plurality of organic particles each adhering to a surface of the toner core. The shell layer contains a first resin having a glass transition point of at least 50° C. and no greater than 90° C. The organic particles each contain a releasing agent and a second resin having a glass transition point of at least 90° C. and no greater than 110° C.

A toner for developing an electrostatic charge image contains toner particles containing at least one binder resin; the Mg element in an amount such that the net intensity of x-ray fluorescence from the Mg element in the toner is 0.10 kcps or more and 1.20 kcps or less; and at least one external additive including particles of a metal salt of a fatty acid.

The present invention is directed to providing a toner having no environmental difference in charging performance, and having high stability of images after output of a large number of copies under environments at high temperature and high humidity in a higher-speed one-component developing system, and a method for producing the toner, and the toner comprises a toner particle including a toner base particle containing a binder resin, a colorant and a releasing agent; and a resin particle adhering to the surface of the toner base particle, wherein the resin particle contains a resin A, and the resin A has an ionic functional group and an acid dissociation constant pKa of 7.0 or more and 9.0 or less, and the resin A has a monovalent group a represented by Formula (1): ##STR00001##