A toner is provided. The toner comprises a binder resin, a release agent, and a function imparting agent comprising a fatty acid amide having a melting point of from 110 to 160 degrees C. When the toner is heated by a differential scanning calorimeter, the toner exhibits no endothermic peak within a temperature range of ±20 degrees C. of a temperature at a highest endothermic peak derived from the fatty acid amide.

A coating material processable by non-impact printing to form at least a part of a coating layer representing an image, the coating material having an amorphous resin portion, is curable and is configured for being applied with a thickness of at least 15 μm, the coating material having one or more of the following: a polyester resin having at least one incorporated acid monomer and wherein at least 10 weight percent of the at least one incorporated acid monomer is isophthalic acid; a polyester resin containing 1 to 100 w-% of cycloaliphatic glycol compounds with respect to the total weight of the glycol compounds of the polyester resin component; an acrylic resin; a fluorine containing polymer; a polyurethane resin.

Provided is a wax which is used in a toner, whereby the toner is excellent in low-temperature fixability and heat-resistant shelf stability, the glossiness is improved as compared with the prior art, and the generation of ultrafine particles and the bleeding of the wax are not likely to occur. The wax for toners, wherein the wax is an ester wax generated by esterification of a pentaerythritol and a monocarboxylic acid; wherein the monocarboxylic acid used for the esterification contains a behenic acid, an arachidic acid and a stearic acid; and wherein, with respect to 100% by mass of the monocarboxylic acid, a content ratio of the behenic acid is from 60% by mass to 80% by mass; a content ratio of the arachidic acid is from 5% by mass to 15% by mass; and a content ratio of the stearic acid is from 15% by mass to 25% by mass.

An emulsion aggregation toner including a toner particle comprising at least one resin; an optional colorant; an optional wax; and a charge control agent disposed on a surface of the toner particle; the charge control agent comprising a complex formed from a metal ion donor and at least one of a ligand selected from a member of the group consisting of a polyaromatic acid comprising humic acid, a pyranone based ligand, a furanone based ligand, or a combination thereof.

The present invention provides a toner for electrostatic-image development comprising a color resin particle containing a binder resin, a colorant, a charge control agent, and a release agent, and an additive having a polydiene structure, wherein the additive having the polydiene structure has a solubility in styrene at a temperature of 40° C. of 3 to 40 g/100 g, when a cross section of the color resin particle is observed by a transmission electron microscope (TEM), the number of crystal domains of the release agent having an aspect ratio in a range of 2 to 10 in a field of view of 2 μm×2 μm square of the cross section of the color resin particle is 2 to 30.

Resin particles that can exhibit high degree of coloring and have high charge stability are provided. Resin particles include a base particle including a binder resin and a pigment having an isoindoline skeleton, wherein a longitudinal diameter of the base particle is L, an overlapped area where the cross-section of the base particle overlaps with a passage of circle C when a center of the circle C with a radius (L/10) moves along a contour of the cross-section of the base particle is defined as a surface layer of the resin particle, wherein the pigment having isoindoline skeleton present on the surface layer of the base particle relative to an entire pigment having isoindoline skeleton present on the cross-section of the base particle in a cross-sectional image of the resin particle is less than 30%, and wherein a gel fraction of the base particle is 20% by mass or more.

The process cartridge is a process cartridge to be removably mounted onto a main body of an electrophotographic apparatus, the process cartridge including: an electrophotographic photosensitive member; a toner; and a developing member, wherein the electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a surface layer that is a polymerized film of a composition containing at least one kind of monofunctional (meth)acrylic compound selected from the group consisting of: a monofunctional (meth)acrylic monomer; and a monofunctional (meth)acrylic oligomer, and at least one kind of tri- or higher functional (meth)acrylic compound selected from the group consisting of: a tri- or higher functional (meth)acrylic monomer; and a tri- or higher functional (meth)acrylic oligomer, wherein the toner contains a toner particle and a hydrotalcite particle as an external additive, and wherein the hydrotalcite particle contains fluorine in filter fitting analysis of STEM-EDS analysis.

A toner comprising a toner particle comprising a binder resin, and a strontium titanate particle and a hydrotalcite particle on a surface of the toner particle, wherein the hydrotalcite particle comprises fluorine, the fluorine is present inside the hydrotalcite particle in line analysis of STEM-EDS mapping analysis of the toner, and when an area ratio of the strontium titanate particle to the toner particle in an EDS measurement field, which is measured through the STEM-EDS mapping analysis of the toner, is defined as T1 (%) and an area ratio of the hydrotalcite particle to the toner particle in the EDS measurement field, which is measured through the STEM-EDS mapping analysis of the toner, is defined as H1 (%),

T1/H1 is 0.15 to 9.00.

An electrostatic charge image developer contains toner particles, silica particles that are added to an exterior of the toner particles and contain a nitrogen element-containing compound, and a carrier that has a core material and a nitrogen element-containing coating resin layer, in which a content of the nitrogen element-containing compound with respect to the silica particles is 0.005% by mass or more and 0.5% by mass or less in terms of a nitrogen element, and in a case where A represents a pore volume of pores that the silica particles include and have a diameter of 1 nm or more and 50 nm or less, which is determined from a pore size distribution curve obtained by a nitrogen adsorption method before baking of the silica particles at 350° C., and B represents a pore volume of pores that the silica particles include and have a diameter of 1 nm or more and 50 nm or less, which is determined from a pore size distribution curve obtained by a nitrogen adsorption method after baking of the silica particles at 350° C., B/A is 1.2 or more and 5 or less and B is 0.2 cm.sup.3/g or more and 3 cm.sup.3/g or less.

An image forming apparatus includes an electrostatic latent image bearer, an electrostatic latent image former, a developing device, a transfer device, and a fixing device. The electrostatic latent image former forms an electrostatic latent image on the electrostatic latent image bearer. The developing device develops the electrostatic latent image with a developer to form a toner image. The transfer device transfers the toner image on a recording medium. The fixing device fixes the toner image on the recording medium. The developer contains an adhesive medium and foamable particles.