A toner comprising a toner particle comprising a binder resin and organosilicon polymer particles on a surface of the toner particle, wherein the binder resin comprising an amorphous resin and a crystalline polyester resin, an absolute value |SP.sub.cpes?SP.sub.si| of a difference between an SP value (SP.sub.si) of the organosilicon polymer particles and an SP value (SP.sub.cpes) of the crystalline polyester resin is not more than 2.00 (cal/cm.sup.3).sup.1/2, and an amount of adsorbed water in the organosilicon polymer particles at a temperature of 30? C. and a humidity of 80% RH is not more than 20 mg/g.

A toner comprises a toner particle containing a resin component and a wax; and an inorganic fine particle on a surface of the toner particle, wherein in the cross section of the toner particle, domains including the wax are present in a region ranging from a surface of the toner particle to a depth of 600 nm from the surface, wherein when a percentage ratio of sum of areas of all the domains in the region with respect to an area of the region is R2, and when a percentage ratio of sum of areas of the domains having a major diameter of 10 to 120 nm in the region with respect to the area of the region is R1, R1 and R2 satisfy the following formulae (1) and (2):
2.0?R1(%)?15.0formula(1)
R1(%)/R2(%)?0.60formula (2).

The toner contains binder resin-containing toner particles and silica fine particle S1, wherein the weight-average particle diameter of the toner is 4.0-15.0 ?m, both inclusive, peaks originating with the silica fine particle S1 are observed in 29 Si-NMR measurement of the silica fine particle S1, and, in the spectrum obtained by .sup.29Si CP/MAS NMR or .sup.29Si DD/MAS NMR, the peak area of a peak corresponding to the D1 unit structure in the silica fine particle S1, the peak area of a peak corresponding to the D2 unit structure in the silica fine particle S1, and the peak area of a peak corresponding to the Q unit structure in the silica fine particle S1 satisfy a prescribed relationship.

A developer set includes a first developer and a second developer. The first developer contains a first toner containing first toner particles and a first carrier containing first carrier particles. The second developer contains a second toner containing second toner particles and a second carrier containing second carrier particles. The first toner particles and the second toner particles each include a toner mother particle and external additive particles attached to the surface of the toner mother particle. The external additive particles include spacer particles. The spacer particles have a number average primary particle diameter of at least 32 nm and no greater than 145 nm. The first carrier particles each include a first carrier mother particle and strontium titanate particles attached to the surface of the first carrier mother particle.

An image forming apparatus includes a first image forming part that forms a first image on a print medium using a photoluminescent developer containing a photoluminescent pigment; a second image forming part that forms a second image on the print medium using a coloring developer containing a coloring material; and a lamination part that laminates the first image and the second image on the print medium, wherein a viscoelastic phase angle (A) of the coloring developer and a viscoelastic phase angle (B) of the photoluminescent developer when measured at 125[ C.] using a viscoelasticity measuring device satisfy follow:
21.1[](A.Math.B)31.6[]. where A means a viscoelastic phase angle of the coloring developer, B means a viscoelastic phase angle of the photoluminescent developer.

The fine particle is a silicon-containing fine particle, wherein the number-average diameter of the fine particle is 0.05 m to 0.30 m; the proportion of the silicon atom with reference to the total of the elements is at least 20% according to fluorescent x-ray measurement of the fine particle; and, with respect to the silicon atom proportions measured in analysis by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy while irradiating with Ar-K radiation and etching, the proportions of silicon atoms having prescribed structures vary at prescribed depths.

A toner comprising a toner particle, the toner particle comprising a binder resin, wherein the toner particle comprises a monoester wax, and a fatty acid metal salt A is present on a surface of the toner particle, when X(A) is defined as a coverage ratio of the surface of the toner particle by the fatty acid metal salt A, as determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and S(A) is defined as the coverage ratio of the surface of the toner particle by the fatty acid metal salt A, as determined by analysis of a scanning electron microscope image, the formulae below are satisfied:

S(A)0.03(1)

X(A)0.250(2)

0.248S(A)/X(A)1.000(3).

An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes: a toner particle containing a binder resin; and an external additive containing alumina particles having a volume average particle diameter of more than 5 nm and 80 nm or less and silica particles having a volume average particle diameter of 10 nm or more and 90 nm or less, and in the toner particle, a Net intensity N.sub.A of a total of an alkali metal element and an alkaline earth metal element, measured by fluorescence X-ray analysis, is 0.10 kcps or more and 1.30 kcps or less, and a ratio (Ws/Wa) of a content Ws of the silica particles to a content Wa of the alumina particles is more than 0.5 and less than 35.

A toner comprising a toner particle comprising a resin A and a resin B; wherein: the resin A is a vinyl resin having a sulfonic acid-type group, the resin B is a polyester resin; and when in analysis of the toner particle using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, DA (nm) is defined as a depth at which an abundance of the resin A in a depth of 10 nm from a toner particle surface is a maximum, CA.sub.S (%) is defined as an abundance of the resin A at the depth DA, CB.sub.S (%) is defined as an abundance of the resin B at the depth DA, CA.sub.75 (%) is defined as an abundance of the resin A at a depth of 75 nm and CB.sub.75 (%) is defined as an abundance of the resin B at a depth of 75 nm, CA.sub.S, CA.sub.75, CB.sub.S and CB.sub.75 satisfy specific relationships.

The peak top molecular weight of the tetrahydrofuran-soluble component of the toner, as measured by gel permeation chromatography, is 4,000 or more and 6,500 or less. The tetrahydrofuran-insoluble component of the toner is 10% by weight or more and 30% by weight or less. When the endothermic peak temperature T1 in the heating process and the exothermic peak temperature T2 during the cooling process originating from the ester wax is measured using a differential scanning calorimeter, the value T1-T2 is 15? C. or more and 30? C. or less.