A toner including a toner particle and an external additive, wherein the external additive contains an inorganic fine particle A and a silica fine particle; in a surface of the toner observed using a scanning electron microscope, a number-average particle diameter of primary particle of the silica fine particle is from 5 nm to 50 nm, a number-average particle diameter of primary particle of the inorganic fine particle A is at least 10 nm and less than 60 nm, a coverage ratio X1 of the toner surface covered by the silica fine particle is from 60 area % to 95 area %, the inorganic fine particle A is a fine particle of a titanate having a Group 2 element, and a coverage ratio X2 of the toner surface covered by the inorganic fine particle A is from 5 area % to 40 area %.

A toner comprising a binder resin and a colorant, wherein the toner has a Martens hardness, as measured at a maximum load condition of 2.010.sup.4 N, of from 200 MPa to 1,100 MPa.

A toner having: a toner particle including a binder resin; and an inorganic fine particle, wherein the inorganic fine particle includes a calcium strontium zirconate fine particle.

Provided is toner that contains a toner particle, and an external additive containing a strontium titanate particle, wherein the toner has an average circularity of at least 0.935 and not more than 0.995, the strontium titanate particle has a number-average primary particle diameter of at least 10 nm and not more than 60 nm, the strontium titanate particle has a peak in the range of 39.7000.150 and a peak in the range of 46.2000.150 in a CuK x-ray diffraction spectrum obtained in the 2 range of at least 10 and not more than 90 where is the Bragg angle, and the ratio of the area Sb of the peak at 46.2000.150 to the area Sa of the peak at 39.7000.150 is at least 1.80 and not more than 2.30.

A toner is provided. The toner includes toner particles each including a mother particle and external additive particles covering the mother particle. In a SEM image of the toner, toner particles having a ratio Sd/St of from 5% to 50% are present at a frequency of 15% or more, where Sd representing an area of a largest recessed portion D of each toner particle and St representing whole area of the toner particle, Sd and St determined from the SEM image magnified and binarized to discriminate recessed portions and projected portions of the toner particle from each other. An external additive coverage rate Ca at the largest recessed portion D is from 30% to 100%.

A toner is provided. The toner includes toner particles each including a mother particle and external additive particles covering the mother particle. In a SEM image of the toner, toner particles having a ratio Sd/St of from 5% to 50% are present at a frequency of 15% or more, where Sd representing an area of a largest recessed portion D of each toner particle and St representing whole area of the toner particle, Sd and St determined from the SEM image magnified and binarized to discriminate recessed portions and projected portions of the toner particle from each other. An external additive coverage rate Ca at the largest recessed portion D is from 30% to 100%.

An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member that rotates at a first speed, an intermediate transfer member that rotates at a second speed lower than the first speed, and a collecting member disposed in a state in which a fixed surface is pressed against the rotating intermediate transfer member. The collecting member collects toner remaining on the intermediate transfer member after a toner image is secondarily transferred from the intermediate transfer member to a transfer material.

An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member that rotates at a first speed, an intermediate transfer member that rotates at a second speed lower than the first speed, and a collecting member disposed in a state in which a fixed surface is pressed against the rotating intermediate transfer member. The collecting member collects toner remaining on the intermediate transfer member after a toner image is secondarily transferred from the intermediate transfer member to a transfer material.

An image forming method uses a color toner including a yellow toner, a magenta toner, a cyan toner, and a black toner. The image forming method includes a toner image forming step of forming a toner image by developing the color toner on an electrostatic latent image formed by charging and exposing a surface of an electrostatic latent image bearing member, a transfer step of transferring the toner image onto a recording medium to form a color toner image, and a fixing step of fixing the color toner image on the recording medium. Each toner contain at least a binder resin, a coloring agent, a release agent, and a layered silicate compound. The volume average particle diameter of each toner is 4 to 6 m. The content of the aluminum element in each toner represented by the Net intensity by WDXRF analysis has a specific relationship.

A positively chargeable toner includes toner particles each including a toner mother particle and an external additive adhering to a surface of the toner mother particle. The external additive includes first resin particles each having a surface to which a cationic surfactant adheres and second resin particles each having a surface to which an anionic surfactant adheres. Respective number average primary particle diameters of the first resin particles and the second resin particles are at least 60 nm and no greater than 100 nm. A detachment ratio of the first resin particles in a dispersion of the toner subjected to five-minute ultrasonic treatment is no greater than 20% in terms of a peak intensity percentage in a fluorescent X-ray spectrum plotted for the dispersion of the toner. A detachment ratio of the second resin particles in the dispersion is at least 30% and no greater than 60% in terms thereof.