An image forming system includes, an electrostatic charge image developing toner; and a developing sleeve configured to convey the electrostatic charge image developing toner, wherein a toner particle included in the electrostatic charge image developing toner contains an amorphous polyester, the amorphous polyester is a polycondensate of a polyvalent carboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol, a content percentage of a structural unit derived from a bisphenol A derivative in the amorphous polyester is 10 mol % or less with respect to all structural units derived from the polyhydric alcohol, and the developing sleeve includes an aluminum alloy including more than 0.6% by mass of silicon.

Provided is a toner that is excellent in heat-resistant shelf stability and low-temperature fixability, has durability, and causes less occurrence of fogging in high temperature and high humidity environments.

The toner comprising at least a binder resin, a colorant, a release agent, a retention aid and a charge control resin. The binder resin is a copolymer containing a styrene-based monomer unit 67 to 78% by mass and a (meth)acrylic acid alkyl monomer unit 22 to 33% by mass. The content of the retention aid is 1 to 4 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin, and the content of the charge control resin is 0.1 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin.

Oxidation resistant crosslinked ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is described, wherein at least two different additives in the manufacture synergistically increase the oxidation resistance of crosslinked UHMWPE. This allows the manufacture of oxidation resistant crosslinked UHMWPE using lower levels of additives and/or lower levels of crosslinking irradiation or chemicals. The lower levels of additives and/or crosslinking produce crosslinked UHMWPE having desired physical properties not possible without the synergistic interaction of the additives. This crosslinked UHMWPE may be used in medical prostheses such as in bearing components having desired physical properties such as wear resistance and oxidation resistance not possible without the synergistic interaction of the additives.

Oxidation resistant crosslinked ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is described, wherein at least two different additives in the manufacture synergistically increase the oxidation resistance of crosslinked UHMWPE. This allows the manufacture of oxidation resistant crosslinked UHMWPE using lower levels of additives and/or lower levels of crosslinking irradiation or chemicals. The lower levels of additives and/or crosslinking produce crosslinked UHMWPE having desired physical properties not possible without the synergistic interaction of the additives. This crosslinked UHMWPE may be used in medical prostheses such as in bearing components having desired physical properties such as wear resistance and oxidation resistance not possible without the synergistic interaction of the additives.

A toner is provided. The toner includes toner particles each including a binder resin and a release agent. From 20% to 80% by number of the toner particles satisfy the following formula (1) and (2):
2/3T/Dv1.5(1)
1/3R/Dv1.0(2)
wherein Dv represents a volume average particle diameter of the toner particles; and T and R represent the longest cross-sectional diameters of each toner particle and the release agent contained therein, respectively, measured by observing cross-sections of the toner particles with scanning transmission electron microscope.

A magnetic toner containing a magnetic toner particle having a binder resin and a magnetic body, and inorganic fine particles, wherein when the inorganic fine particles are classified as first inorganic fine particles, second inorganic fine particles, and third inorganic fine particles in accordance with fixing strength thereof to the magnetic toner particle and in the sequence of the weakness of the fixing strength, the content of the first inorganic fine particles, the ratio of the second inorganic fine particles to the first inorganic fine particles, and the coverage ratio X of coverage of the magnetic toner surface by the third inorganic fine particles are in prescribed ranges.

The magnetic toner contains a magnetic toner particle having a binder resin and a magnetic body, and inorganic fine particles, wherein the average circularity of the magnetic toner is at least 0.955 and, when classifying the inorganic fine particles, in accordance with the fixing strength thereof to the magnetic toner particle and in the sequence of the weakness of the fixing strength, as first inorganic fine particles, second inorganic fine particles, and third inorganic fine particles, the content of the first inorganic fine particles, the ratio of the second inorganic fine particles to the first inorganic fine particles, and the coverage ratio X are in prescribed ranges.

An apparatus and method of manufacturing a white dry ink pulverized toner including a resin and 15%-45% TiO2 pigment having a mean size of 100-350 nm melt mixed with the resin in a twin screw extruder resulting in an extruded mix. The extruded mix is pulverized in a fluid bed jet mill. Fines of the pulverized extruded mix less than 5 microns may be removed from the pulverized extruded mix by classification leaving pulverized particles having a mean size of 6-12 microns. The pulverized particles are blended in a mixer with surface additives including silica and ZnSt, and the white dry ink pulverized toner has a developer charge between 5 and 50 C/gram and a Lightness (L*) of at least 75 at a toner mass per unit area (TMA) of at most 1.2 mg/cm.sup.2.

A toner includes toner particles which contain a binder resin, a colorant, a wax, and a resin A having an organic polysiloxane structure; the amount of Si atoms of the toner particles is 4.5 to 10.0; in an analysis of a cross-section of each toner particle, in a surface layer region R from the periphery of the cross-section of the toner particle to the inside at a distance of 10.0% of the particle diameter in the cross-section of the toner particle, the content of Si atoms derived from the organic polysiloxane structure is 90.0% or more with respect to the total amount of Si atoms contained in the toner particle; and in a line analysis along a straight line between the periphery of the surface layer region R and a gravity center of the cross-section, an intensity count of Si atoms in the toner particle satisfies formula Si.sup.0>Si.sup.1>Si.sup.2>Si.sup.30.

Herein is disclosed an electrostatic ink composition, wherein the composition is formable by combining: chargeable particles comprising a resin comprising a polymer having acidic side groups, and a cyclic anhydride. Also disclosed herein is a method of forming an electrostatic ink composition, and a method of electrostatic printing.