A developer includes a toner including toner particles and a carrier including carrier particles. The carrier particles each include a carrier core and a carrier coating layer covering the carrier core. The carrier coating layer contains a fluorine-containing resin. The toner particles each include a toner mother particle and resin particles located on a surface of the toner mother particle. The resin particles have a number average primary particle diameter of at least 70 nm and no greater than 200 nm. A dispersion obtained by dispersing 0.1 g of the resin particles in 100 mL of distilled water has an electrical conductivity of at least 2.5 S/m and no greater than 6.0 S/m. A degree of aggregation Y.sub.160 of the resin particles represented by expression (1) Y.sub.160=100M.sub.160A/M.sub.160B is at least 15% by mass and no greater than 40% by mass.

A method of producing an emissive toner composition including selecting a photoluminescent agent, a charge control agent, and one or more additives and combining the photoluminescent agent, charge control agent, and one or more additives to form an emissive toner composition that when printed to produce an image component on a substrate, the emission spectra of the image component for irradiation with a first excitation energy includes only dominant emission peaks corresponding to one or more dominant emission peaks of the photoluminescent agent. The photoluminescent agent is selected such that it emits light having one or more dominant emission peaks in a first emission spectral region when irradiated with the first excitation energy. The charge control agent and one or more additives are selected such that they do not emit light in the visible spectrum when irradiated with visible light and does not emit light in the first emission spectral region when irradiated with the first excitation energy.

Provided is an electrostatic image developing toner including a toner mother particle containing a colorant and a binder resin comprising a crystalline resin and an amorphous resin; and an external additive. The external additive includes an inorganic fine particle having a number average major axis in a range of 50 to 100 nm, an average aspect ratio in a range of 3 to 10, and a volume resistivity in a range of 110.sup.10 to 110.sup.12 .Math.cm in primary particles.

A toner comprises a binder resin, a colorant, and a compound represented by the following general formula [1]: ##STR00001##
(in the formula, R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 each independently represent a group selected from the hydrogen atom, fluorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom, hydroxy group, acetyl group, aldehyde group, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 hydrocarbon groups, and amino group; X represents a group selected from the oxygen atom, sulfur atom, carbonyl group, and CR.sup.9R.sup.10; and R.sup.9 and R.sup.10 each independently represent a group selected from the hydrogen atom, bromine atom, C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 hydroxyalkyl groups, hydroxy group, phenyl group, and C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 hydrocarbon groups).

A toner includes toner particles. The toner particles each include a toner mother particle and an external additive attached to the surface of the toner mother particle. The external additive includes specific resin particles. The specific resin particles contains a specific resin having an alkoxysilyl group. The specific resin may include a first repeating unit derived from a specific monomer having the alkoxysilyl group and a (meth)acryloyl group.

An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member to which lubricant is supplied; a toner image forming section; and a patch image forming section and a control section configured to control the toner image forming section and the patch image forming section such that a first development condition for forming the patch image and a second development condition for forming the toner image are different from each other.

An electrostatic latent image developing toner includes a plurality of toner particles, The toner particles each include a toner mother particle and a plurality of external additive particles. The toner mother particle contains at least a hinder resin and a colorant. The external additive particles each include a first particle, a plurality of second particles disposed at a surface of the first particle, and the coat layer coating the first particle having the second particles.

The toner has a toner particle that contains a binder resin and a wax, wherein the wax is present in domain form in the interior of the toner particle; the proportion of toner particles for which the position of the wax domains are controlled, is in a prescribed range; using d for a major axis length of the domain having the largest major axis length and using D for a number-average particle diameter of the toner, the d and D satisfy a prescribed relationship; and the ratio between the major axis length and the minor axis length of the domain having the largest major axis length is in a prescribed range.

An image forming apparatus includes a developing unit that contains an electrostatic charge image developer and develops an electrostatic charge image formed on the surface of an image holding member as a toner image by using the developer, wherein the developer contains a carrier and an electrostatic charge image developing toner that includes a toner particle and an external additive, the toner particles have an average circularity of from 0.98 to 1.00 and a number-particle diameter distribution index (lower GSD) on a small diameter side of 1.22 or more and contain at least a vinyl resin, and the external additive contains silica particles having a compression aggregation degree of 60% to 95% and a particle compression ratio of 0.20 to 0.40.

An electrostatic-image developing toner contains toner particles and particles of a metallic salt of a fatty acid deposited on the toner particles. The particles of the metallic salt of the fatty acid contain 0.0008% to 0.01% by mass of iron.