A reading apparatus includes a reading device and processing circuitry. The reading device reads a recording medium. The processing circuitry outputs maintenance information based on read information read by the reading device.

An image forming apparatus includes a setting unit configured to set an operation mode, and a processing unit configured to perform image processing on image data according to the operation mode. In a case when a first mode is set, the image processing includes determining, in the image data, one or more target pixels having a gradation value equal to or higher than a first threshold value, and one or more adjacent pixels that are different from the one or more target pixels and adjacent to the one or more target pixels, setting a first gradation value lower than the first threshold value as a gradation value of the one or more target pixels, and setting a second gradation value higher than the first gradation value as a gradation value of the one or more adjacent pixels.

Provided is an image forming apparatus including a printer controller configured to form an image on a sheet, a storage unit configured to store a plurality of adjustment conditions for adjusting a position on the sheet at which the image is to be formed, and a CPU. The CPU selects one of the plurality of adjustment conditions, adjusts the position at which the image is to be formed based on the selected adjustment condition, and causes the printer controller to form the image on the sheet.

An example photodetector for detecting fluorescent toner includes a light emitting unit to emit light to a toner image, and a light receiving unit. The light receiving unit is to detect visible light reflected by the toner image, detect that the toner image includes the fluorescent toner based on the detection of the visible light, the visible light generated by the fluorescent toner and having a predetermined wavelength band different from a wavelength band of the emitted light, and output a signal corresponding to the detection of the fluorescent toner.

A conductive sheet capable of preventing erroneous reading and writing is provided. The conductive sheet according to one embodiment is configured to be positioned between a sheet tray of an image forming device and a sheet. The conductive sheet includes a base layer and a double conveyance prevention structure. The base layer comprises a conductive material positioned to overlap with a wireless tag of the sheet. The double conveyance prevention structure is coupled to or defined by the base layer. The double conveyance prevention structure is configured to prevent conveyance of the conductive sheet by the image forming apparatus when the conductive sheet overlaps the sheet in the sheet tray.

A method for reducing artifacts in an electrophotographic printing system includes receiving a print job including image data for a set of pages. The electrophotographic printing system is used to print a block of pages from the print job to provide corresponding printed pages. Image data for the block of pages is analyzed to determine a cross-track image profile for each page in the block of pages. Image data for a compensation image and a number of compensation images are determined, wherein the compensation image has a cross-track image profile which has an inverted shape relative to an average of the cross-track image profiles for the block of pages. The printing of the compensation images reduces image burn-in artifacts which result from the printing of the block of pages.

To provide an image forming apparatus capable of achieving both correction accuracy of skew correction and minimization of a margin between images. A color shift amount calculator that calculates a color shift amount, and a first skew correction controller and a second skew correction controller that control skew correction of color shift are included. The first skew correction controller controls first skew correction by a mechanical operation by the image former on the basis of a first color shift residual target value set in advance. The second skew correction controller controls second skew correction, by image processing, of the color shift after the control by the first skew correction controller on the basis of a second color shift residual target value set in advance.

An image forming apparatus includes an image bearer, an image forming device to form an image on the image bearer, a transfer device to transfer the image formed on the image bearer onto a sheet, a storage to store the sheet, a sheet feeder to convey the sheet one by one to the transfer device, and a slip amount prediction controller. The slip amount prediction controller calculates a predicted slip amount between the sheet feeder and the sheet before forming the image and, subsequently calculates an interval between images based on the predicted slip amount. The slip amount prediction controller controls the image forming device based on the calculated interval between images to form the image on the image bearer.

An electrophotography-based additive manufacturing system is used to print a three-dimensional part. An electrophotography engine is used to print a part layer of the three-dimensional part is using a part material compositionally including part material particles. The developed part layer is transferred from the electrophotography engine to a transfer medium, and the transferred part layer is transfused together to previously-printed layers using a layer transfusion assembly. A surface height profile of the transfused part layers is measured using a surface profilometer, and a thickness profile of a subsequently-printed part layer is controlled responsive to the measured surface height profile.

Provided is a control unit of a conveying apparatus, the conveying apparatus including: a conveying unit that conveys recording paper along a conveying path; and an imaging unit that images the recording paper and an object not conveyed by the conveying unit, wherein the control unit acquires actual conveyance information of the recording paper from image information of the recording paper imaged by the imaging unit and image information of the object imaged by the imaging unit.