The present invention provides a computer-implemented method and an apparatus for manufacturing an analogue audio storage medium wherein digital audio data is converted into topographical data representing an analogue translation of the digital audio data, and a laser beam is selectively applied to a substrate to form a physical imprint of the topographical data on the surface of the substrate to create an analogue audio storage medium. The medium may be directly playable on a conventional playback device such as a record player and/or used to mould further playable mediums. The invention thereby enables more efficient manufacturing of e.g. vinyl records and consistently ensures a much higher quality of analogue audio.

Provided is a method of manufacturing an optical disk having at least a cover layer, a first information recording surface, a first intermediate layer, a second information recording surface, a second intermediate layer, and a third information recording surface in order from a surface irradiated with a light beam on at least one side, wherein a numerical aperture of an objective lens that converges the light beam on any of the recording surface of the optical disk when information recording or information reproduction of the optical disk is performed is 0.91, standard value dk of each thickness from the surface to the first to third information recording surfaces is set on the premise of standard refractive index no, where k is 1, 2, 3, and a target value of each actual thickness from the surface to the first to third information recording surfaces is determined by a product of conversion coefficient g(n) depending on refractive index n from the first to third information recording surfaces, and standard value dk.

A device for manufacturing an n-layered optical information carrier having an injection molding unit for manufacturing a carrier body with a first information layer, and furthermore, a first embossing unit for manufacturing a second information layer. The second information layer has an input via which information carriers can be received in the embossing unit. The embossing unit moreover has an output unit via which the coated information carriers are output. (n−2) additional embossing units are associated with the device, for manufacturing in each case an additional information layer, wherein “n” is greater than two. The respective units are linked to one another so that the n-layered information carrier is manufactured in an inline manufacturing. The (n−2) additional embossing units can be coupled to and uncoupled from the device, wherein the additional embossing units in each case have an input and an output unit.

Provided are a cylindrical base, a master and a method for manufacturing a master enabling a uniform transfer of a fine pattern. A cylindrical base of a quartz glass having an internal strain in terms of birefringence of less than 70 nm/cm is used. A resist layer is deposited to an outer circumference surface of this cylindrical base, a latent image is formed on the resist layer, the latent image formed on the resist layer is developed and the pattern of the developed resist layer is used as a mask for etching to form a structure including concaves or convexes arranged in a plurality of rows on the outer circumference surface of the cylindrical base.

A thin film is provided that primarily comprises titanium oxide and includes Ti, Ag and O. The thin film contains 29.6 at % or more and 34.0 at % or less of Ti, 0.003 at % or more and 7.4 at % or less of Ag, and oxygen as the remainder thereof and has a ratio of oxygen to metals, O/(2Ti+0.5Ag), of 0.97 or more. The thin film has a high refractive index and a low extinction coefficient. In addition, the thin film has superior transmittance, minimally deteriorates in reflectance, and is useful as an interference film or a protective film for an optical information recording medium. The film may also be applied to a glass substrate to provide a heat reflective film, an antireflective film, or an interference filter. A method of producing the thin film is also disclosed.

The present invention provides a sputtering target which has low risk to the human body, and which is able to be suppressed in the occurrence of a crack even in cases where sputtering is carried out at a high output power for a long period of time.

A sputtering target contains Zn as a main component, contains specific metals including Zr in specific compositions, and contains a complex oxide of Zr.

An analysis device includes a controller configured to count a pulse derived from a particles as a plural particles when a light reception level signal includes the pulse having a first extreme value point, a second extreme value point, and a third extreme value point, and the pulse fulfils a condition in which the third extreme value point is present between the first extreme value point and the second extreme value point in a pulse width direction of the pulse, the third extreme value point is present between the first extreme value point and a threshold in a pulse amplitude direction, the first extreme value point and the second extreme value point are each an extreme value point of a waveform projecting in a common direction, and the third extreme value point is an extreme value point of a waveform in a direction opposite to the common direction.

An information recording medium and a method for producing the same according to the present disclosure are configured to have an information layer in which a larger amount of light for reproduction can be obtained, so that the medium is suitable for recording information at high recording density and is useful for a multi-layer optical disc that records a large amount of contents.

An information recording medium and a method for producing the same according to the present disclosure are configured to have an information layer in which a larger amount of light for reproduction can be obtained, so that the medium is suitable for recording information at high recording density and is useful for a multi-layer optical disc that records a large amount of contents.

For irradiating a layer a radiation beam is directed and focussed to a spot on the layer, relative movement of the layer relative to the lens is caused so that, successively, different portions of the layer are irradiated and an interspace between a surface of the lens nearest to the layer is maintained. Furthermore, at least a portion of the interspace through which the radiation irradiates the spot on the layer is maintained filled with a liquid, the liquid being supplied via a supply conduit. At least a portion of the liquid fills up a recess through which the radiation irradiates the spot.