A line scan imaging system scans a targeted inspection area and gathers reflectance and fluorescence data. The inspection system comprises at least a rotatable/pivotable mirror-faced triangular prism, a line illumination source, and a line scan hyperspectral camera. The prism has a mirrored camera face and a mirrored illumination face. In operation, as the prism rotates, the camera instantaneous field of view (IFOV) and the projected illumination line converge at a nadir convergence scan line so that the hyperspectral camera receives line scan data from the nadir convergence scan line as the nadir convergence scan line traverses an inspection area.

A spectrometer for detecting an electromagnetic (EM) wave spectrum having one or more wavelength components within a spectral band of interest, and a method of detecting an electromagnetic (EM) wave spectrum having one or more wavelength components within a spectral band of interest. The method uses an entrance aperture; a dispersion and imaging optics containing at least one dispersion element; an exit aperture; a collection optics; and at least one single-pixel detector, each single-pixel detector sensitive to one or more of the wavelength components; and the method comprises the steps of spatially encoding at least one entrance slit of the entrance aperture along a direction substantially transverse to a direction of dispersion of the dispersion and imaging optics; creating, using the dispersion and imaging optics, dispersed images of the entrance aperture on a plane of the exit aperture, such that respective images at the different wavelength components are offset by different amounts of displacements along the direction of dispersion; spatially encoding a plurality of exit slits of the exit aperture along the direction substantially transverse to the direction of dispersion, wherein the exit aperture comprises a plurality of exit slits arranged in the direction of dispersion; gathering, using the collection optics, a total EM wave energy that enters the entrance aperture and exits the exit aperture to one of the at least one single-pixel detectors; changing at least one of an encoding pattern of the at least one entrance slits and an encoding pattern of the plurality of exit slits for a number of times; and measuring the output of the at least one detector for respective ones of the number of times for reconstructing the EM wave spectrum.

Systems and methods are provided for a UV-VIS spectrophotometer, such as a UV-VIS detector unit included in a high-performance liquid chromatography system. In one example, a system for the UV-VIS detector unit may include a first light source, a signal detector, a flow path positioned intermediate the first light source and the signal detector, a second light source, and a reference detector. The first light source, the signal detector, and the flow path may be aligned along a first axis, and the second light source and the reference detector may be aligned along a second axis, different than the first axis.

An electronic device may include sensors such as a visible-light image sensor for capturing images. The sensors may also include optical sensors that operate at other wavelengths. An infrared light sensor may be used to gather an infrared light spectrum of a target object. The infrared light sensor may have a beam steerer and other adjustable components such as adjustable lenses and adjustable polarizers. During operation, an infrared beam emitted by the infrared light sensor may be steered onto the target object using information from a captured visible-light image and/or other sensor data such as distance sensor data, orientation sensor data, three-dimensional image sensor data, and data from other sensors. Infrared spectra, visible-light camera images, and/or data from other sensors may be used in characterizing target objects so that notifications can be provided to a user and other actions taken.

Embodiments are disclosed for terahertz spectroscopy and imaging in dynamic environments. In an embodiment, a transmitter of an electronic device emits a continuous electromagnetic (EM) wave in the terahertz (THz) frequency band into a dynamic environment that includes a transmission medium that changes over time. A receiver of the electronic device, receives an EM wave reflected off an object in the environment and determines a spectral response of the reflected EM wave. The spectral response includes absorption spectra at a frequency in the THz frequency band that is indicative of a known target transmission medium. The absorption spectra of the target transmission medium and a path length of the reflected EM wave signal are used to obtain the concentration level of the target transmission medium from a reference library of known concentration levels.

An apparatus for measuring time-resolved optical spectrum includes a light source, a sensor for collecting, forming, manipulating and measuring the intensity of the optical radiation, and a controller coupled to the light source and sensor. The sensor includes at least one optical delay element to provide a time delay to a first portion of the optical radiation. The sensor arrangement further includes an optical spectral disperser to split the delayed first portion and the second portion of the optical radiation into dispersed radiation having a plurality of wavelengths, and a sensor element configured to receive each wavelength of the dispersed radiation on a different spatial region, and measure the light intensity associated with each wavelength of the dispersed radiation. The controller collects the light intensity associated with each wavelength of the dispersed radiation measured by the sensor element to form a time-resolved optical spectrum.

An optical assembly for an analyzer instrument for analysis of elemental composition of a sample using optical emission spectroscopy includes: an exciter generating an excitation focused at a target position to produce optical emission from the sample; and an optical arrangement including a light collection arrangement transferring the optical emission from the target position to a detector assembly's detector interface. The light collection arrangement includes: an off-axis parabolic light collecting mirror including an aperture, a lens arrangement including converging and diverging axicon lens portions, the lens arrangement positioned so its optical axis is parallel to that of the light collecting mirror and intersects a surface of the light collecting mirror at the aperture, and an off-axis parabolic focusing mirror having its focal point at the detector interface, the optical axis of the lens arrangement being parallel to that of the focusing mirror and intersects the focusing mirror's surface.

Systems and methods are provided for a UV-VIS spectrophotometer, such as a UV-VIS detector unit included in a high-performance liquid chromatography system. In one example, a system for the UV-VIS detector unit may include a first light source, a signal detector, a flow path positioned intermediate the first light source and the signal detector, a second light source, and a reference detector. The first light source, the signal detector, and the flow path may be aligned along a first axis, and the second light source and the reference detector may be aligned along a second axis, different than the first axis.

A Raman sensor includes a light source assembly having a plurality of light sources configured to emit light to a plurality of skin points of skin, each of the plurality of skin points having a predetermined separation distance from a light collection region of the skin from which Raman scattered light is collected; a light collector configured to collect the Raman scattered light from the light collection region of the skin; and a detector configured to detect the collected Raman scattered light.

A mirror clip for use in an optical mirror housing for an optical emission spectrometer includes a body having a mirror seating portion, at least one hinge member for positioning and attaching the clip to an optical mirror housing, and at least one clamping member for releasably securing the mirror clip to the optical mirror housing. A mirror can be accommodated in the mirror seating portion. The at least one hinge member may include a hook to provide a releasable hinged connection between the mirror clip and the optical mirror housing.