A hybrid image-pupil optical reformatter and method for optional use with a spectrometer is disclosed, which performs beam slicing in pupil space and stacks replicas of the input source generated from the pupil beam slices in image space. The optical reformatter comprises a collimator which receives an input light and produces a collimated beam; a first optical element which receives the collimated beam, redirects portions of the collimated beam back toward the collimator as reimaged beams and permits portions of the collimated beam to pass; a second optical element which receives the reimaging beams and redirects the reimaging beams back toward the collimator and the first optical element; to form an output beam comprising the portions of the collimated beams that are not redirected toward the collimator by the first optical element. Also disclosed is the use of the reformatter for reformatting the input light of a spectrometer system, and the use of the reformatter as part of a spectrometer device.

Image acquisition apparatuses, spectral apparatuses, methods and storage mediums for use with same are provided herein. At least one apparatus includes: a diffraction element irradiated by a light; a fiber for receiving reflected scattered light from a subject; a diffraction grating dispersing the transmitted light into light fluxes of wavelength bands again; an optical system imaging the split light fluxes; and an imaging device near the focal point of the optical system. An image is changed by rotating the diffraction grating, from which a two-dimensional image is acquired. The transmitted light may be branched into two or more, and input to a collimator lens and imaged as multiple spectral sequences by the optical system. At least one apparatus may form light fluxes traveling at different angles; and may acquire spectral information of the reflected and scattered light. Preferably, for the luminous fluxes, no gap exists in an image.

A photonic crystal waveguide for conveying light with an input end and an output end to supply for an electromagnetic spectrometer includes: an input end having a convex envelope of a cross-section of the waveguide at the input end, which envelope defines a circular shape or a shape of a regular polygon with n1 corners, wherein n1 is a natural number bigger than 3; an output end having a cross-section that defines a slit shape; and a plurality of photonic crystal fibers, wherein an arrangement of the plurality of photonic crystal fibers defines the cross-sections at the input and output ends.

An optical resonance imaging system includes a light emitting device to emit laser pulses onto a subject. The laser pulses include a first pulse and a second pulse to place the subject in an excited state. The laser pulses also include a third pulse to stimulate emission of one or more third order signals from the subject. The system also includes a spectrometer to receive the one or more third order signals and to generate spectrum signals commensurate with intensities of the one or more third order signals. The system may further include circuitry configured to analyze the spectrum signals, generate one or more images of the subject based on the analysis, and construct one or more maps of positions of the subject based on the one or more images.

A hybrid image-pupil optical reformatter and method for optional use with a spectrometer is disclosed, which performs beam slicing in pupil space and stacks replicas of the input source generated from the pupil beam slices in image space. The optical reformatter comprises a collimator which receives an input light and produces a collimated beam; a first optical element which receives the collimated beam, redirects portions of the collimated beam back toward the collimator as reimaged beams and permits portions of the collimated beam to pass; a second optical element which receives the reimaging beams and redirects the reimaging beams back toward the collimator and the first optical element; to form an output beam comprising the portions of the collimated beams that are not redirected toward the collimator by the first optical element. Also disclosed is the use of the reformatter for reformatting the input light of a spectrometer system, and the use of the reformatter as part of a spectrometer device.

A spectroscopic system may include: a probe having a probe tip and an optical coupler, the optical coupler including an emitting fiber group and first and second receiving fiber groups, each fiber group having a first end and a second end, wherein the first ends of the fiber groups are formed into a bundle and optically exposed through the probe tip; a light source optically coupled to the second end of the emitting fiber group, the light source emitting light in at least a first waveband and a second waveband, the second waveband being different from the first waveband; a first spectrometer optically coupled to the second end of the first receiving fiber group and configured to process light in the first waveband; and a second spectrometer optically coupled to the second end of the second receiving fiber group and configured to process light in the second waveband.

A light source section configured to couple a plurality of laser beams having different wavelengths and emit measuring light; an illuminating section configured to illuminate a measurement target at a predetermined angle; a light receiving section configured to receive reflected measuring light from the measurement target; and a controlling section configured to compute a reflectance at each of the wavelengths, based on a light receiving result. The light source section includes: a first and a second light source configured to emit each laser beams having different wavelengths; and a dichroic mirror disposed in optical axes of the laser beams intersected, configured to combine the laser beams. The light receiving section includes: a first, a second and a third light receiving unit configured to receive the reflected measuring light from different distance. The controlling section is configured to select which of results from each light receiving unit to use.

This invention relates to a light delivery and collection device for performing spectroscopic analysis of a subject. The light delivery and collection device comprises a reflective cavity with two apertures. The first aperture receives excitation light which then diverges and projects onto the second aperture. The second aperture is applied to the subject such that the reflective cavity substantially forms an enclosure covering an area of the subject. The excitation light interacts with the covered area of the subject to produce inelastic scattering and/or fluorescence emission from the subject. The reflective cavity reflects the excitation light as well as the inelastic scattering and/or fluorescence emission that is reflected and/or back-scattered from the subject and redirects it towards the subject. This causes more excitation light to penetrate into the subject hence enabling sub-surface measurement and also improves the collection efficiency of the inelastic scattering or fluorescence emission. The shape of the reflective cavity is optimized to further improve the collection efficiency.

To provide a confocal displacement sensor that can prevent deterioration in measurement accuracy due to a spherical aberration of an optical member. The confocal displacement sensor includes a light source for light projection configured to generate light having a plurality of wavelengths, a pinhole configured to emit detection light by allowing the light emitted from the light source for light projection to pass, an optical member configured to generate an axial chromatic aberration in the detection light emitted via the pinhole and converge the detection light toward the measurement object, a measurement control section configured to calculate displacement of the measurement object on the basis of, in the detection light irradiated on the measurement object via the optical member, detection light passed through the pinhole by being reflected while focusing on the measurement object, and a head housing configured to house the pinhole and the optical member. The optical member includes a first diffraction lens configured to diffract the detection light and a first refraction lens configured to refract the detection light. The first diffraction lens is disposed with a non-diffraction surface exposed from the head housing.

Disclosed are a fluorescence microscope light source apparatus and a fluorescence microscope capable of obtaining high-luminance light in a wavelength of 500 to 550 nm and having reduced background noise when a sample is observed. The fluorescence microscope light source apparatus to be installed in a fluorescence microscope including an illumination light bandpass filter includes: a laser diode that emits blue light as excitation light; a phosphor that converts the excitation light from the laser diode into illumination fluorescence with a wavelength region of 500 to 550 nm; an optical system that extracts the illumination fluorescence from the phosphor; a first condenser lens that condenses the excitation light onto the phosphor; a light guide body having one end face on which the illumination fluorescence is incident and the other end face from which the illumination fluorescence exits; and a second condenser lens that condenses the illumination fluorescence onto the one end face of the light guide body. A band-elimination filter that blocks or attenuates light, out of the illumination fluorescence, in a wavelength region including a transmission maximum wavelength and including no transmission minimum wavelength in the illumination light bandpass filter is provided on a light path of the illumination fluorescence.