A strain inducing body includes a strain inducing portion. The strain inducing portion includes a movable portion configured to receive a force in a predetermined axial direction or a moment about the predetermined axial direction and to deform in accordance with the received force or moment. The strain inducing portion includes a non-movable portion configured to receive the force or moment and to not deform in accordance with the received force or moment. The strain inducing body includes an input transmitter coupled to the non-movable portion and including an accommodating portion for accommodating a sensor chip detects the force or moment. The input transmitter receives the force or moment and to not deform in accordance with the received force or moment. The input transmitter transmits deformation of the strain inducing portion to the sensor chip.

A force detector includes a layered structure including a first layer and a second layer. The first layer includes a detection face that receives a force to be detected and the second layer is disposed on a face opposite to the detection face. A Young's modulus of the first layer is different from a Young's modulus of the second layer. The force detector further includes a stress generator formed in the layered structure and that receives the force acting in a tangential direction of the detection face and generates a stress with a distribution that is asymmetric with respect to a normal direction of the detection face around the stress generator. The force detector further includes a plurality of sensors disposed around the stress generator.

A force sensor includes at least one cavity defining at least two surfaces having different orientations. On each of said surfaces is disposed at least one respective detection structure sensitive to a pressure exerted on the corresponding surface. A resiliently deformable medium at least partially fills the cavity by coming into contact with the surfaces and defines a detection surface, on which a force to be detected is likely to be exerted. The application of this force is likely to generate stresses on each detection structure due to the transmission of forces by the medium.

A strain sensor fixing device includes a fixing member including a first side, a second side parallel to the first side, and a surface provided between the first side and the second side and including an opening part, the first side being brought into contact with the first structure, the second side being brought into contact with an end part of the flexure body constituting the strain sensor provided on the first structure, a screw inserted into the opening part and screwed into the first structure, and a rotation stopping part bringing the fixing member into line contact or point contact with the other part to prevent rotation of the fixing member.

A fixing member includes a first side, second side parallel to the first side, and face provided between the first side and second side and including an opening. The face is provided at a position separate from a line connecting between the first side and second side, first side is brought into line contact or point contact with the first structure, and second side is brought into line contact with an end part of a strain body constituting a strain sensor, the end part being provided on the first structure. A screw is inserted into the opening and is screwed into the first structure.

Disclosed herein is a sensor mount apparatus for measuring at least one property of a screw-fluid system. A specific device under test is mounted to a mounting base; a sensor unit selectively connected to said mounting base, for measuring at least one of a force load or a moment load transferred to the mounting base; a load limiter is selectively connected to sensor unit, for limiting at least one of the force load or moment load transferred to the sensor unit; and a mounting plate rigidly connected to said load limiter, for mounting the device under test to the apparatus so that any force or moment caused by a thrust or a drag from the device under test flows through the load limiter to the sensor unit whereat the load is selectively measured.

A force measurement assembly is disclosed herein. The force measurement assembly includes a top component, the top component having a top surface for receiving at least one portion of the body of the subject; a single force transducer supporting the top component, the single force transducer configured to sense one or more measured quantities and output one or more signals that are representative of forces and/or moments being applied to the top surface of the top component by the subject; and a base component disposed underneath the single force transducer, the base component configured to be disposed on a support surface.

A welding apparatus includes a movement assembly for at least one electrode configured to which can be passed through by current for the execution of welding treatments. The assembly includes at least one cylinder and at least one stem which rigidly supports the electrode; the stem is at least partially accommodated in the cylinder and is coaxially movable with an alternating straight motion along the longitudinal axis of the cylinder, in order to press the electrode against the parts to be welded with a corresponding welding force.

A device for measuring the welding force is also provided, which has a plate, which is stably interposed between the stem and the electrode with the respective faces arranged at right angles to the longitudinal axis, and a plurality of deformation sensors accommodated in through slots provided in the plate and distributed along an imaginary circumference which is centered along the longitudinal axis.

A two-dimensional force sensor for measuring a first force (F.sub.X) in a first direction (X) and a second force (Fy) in a second direction (Y) different from the first direction (X). The two-dimensional force sensor comprises a first resilient plate (H1) oriented in the second direction (Y), a first end of the first resilient plate (H1) being arranged for being coupled to a reference point; a second resilient plate (H2) oriented in the first direction (X), a first end of the second resilient plate (H2) being coupled to a second end of the first resilient plate (H1); and a measurement probe (P) being coupled to a second end of the second resilient plate (H2). Advantageously, the measurement probe (P) is mounted on an extension device (A) mounted to the second end of the second resilient plate (H2), the extension device (A) being arranged for positioning the measurement probe (P) at a position deviating from an imaginary cross-section point of the first resilient plate (H1) and the second resilient plate (H2) by no more than 20%, preferably 10%, and more preferably 5%, of a length of the extension device.

A strain element (10), which is configured such that a frame portion (11) and a central portion (12) are connected by arm portions (20) to (22), is masked except for the arm portions (20) to (22) where a strain gauge (A1) and the like are to be disposed, and then peening is carried out. With this, a compressive residual stress layer is formed on four sides of each of the arm portions (20) to (22). When the strain element (10) receives a load resulting from an external force, the arm portions (20) to (22) elastically deform; however, due to the compressive residual stress layer thus formed, the arm portions (20) to (22) are less prone to fatigue failure. When projection of a shot material is carried out as peening, the surface roughness of the arm portions (20) to (22) increases, the adhesion of strain gauges improves, detection accuracy improves, and stable measurement can be ensured.