A method for operating an internal combustion engine with a motor, having a moving machine part and at least one machine element which retains the moving machine part and is subject to wear, such as, for example, a supporting, sealing, guiding or the like retaining machine element that is subject to wear during operation relative to the moving machine part, which machine element, because of the wear, is service-life-limiting for the operation of the internal combustion engine, whereinfor the operation of the internal combustion engine, a service-life-limiting time interval until the next maintenance of the internal combustion engine is specified, andthe internal combustion engine has a number of service-life-limiting machine elements, wherein for the at least one service-life-limiting machine element a remaining service life is forecast and the service-life-limiting time interval is determined therefrom.

A dynamic system for an observer for estimating the internal effective torque of a torque generator, which can also process unfiltered measurement signals and is capable of mapping vibration effects in the estimated effective torque. An observer is designed with observer matrices and with an unknown input. The observer receives at least one noisy measurement signal of the input vector and/or the output vector. The observer estimates the state vector and the effective torque therefrom as unknown input in that the matrix, which determines the dynamic of the observer error as a difference between the state vector and the estimated state vector. The eigenvalues of this matrix lie in a range f2/5>>5.Math.f1, wherein f1 is the maximum expected change frequency of the at least one measurement signal, and the noise in the at least one measurement signal influences the frequency band which is greater than the frequency f2.

A flexible drive shaft test arrangement includes a drive end piece arranged along a rotation axis, a driven end piece axially offset from the drive end piece along the rotation axis, and a shell. The shell connects the drive end piece to the driven end piece. The drive end piece end is offset in rotation about the driven end piece to internally load a flexible drive shaft disposed within the shell with torsion. Test stands and methods for testing flexible drive shafts are also disclosed.

A flexible drive shaft test arrangement includes a drive end piece arranged along a rotation axis, a driven end piece axially offset from the drive end piece along the rotation axis, and a shell. The shell connects the drive end piece to the driven end piece. The drive end piece end is offset in rotation about the driven end piece to internally load a flexible drive shaft disposed within the shell with torsion. Test stands and methods for testing flexible drive shafts are also disclosed.

The invention relates to a device and to a method for controlling a test stand arrangement having a specimen and having a loading machine, which is connected to the specimen by a connecting shaft. An estimated value (T.sub.E,est) for for the internal torque (T.sub.E) of the specimen is determined and, from the estimated value (T.sub.E,est), while taking into account a natural frequency (f.sub.0) and a delay, a damping signal (T.sub.Damp) is determined and fed back into the control loop.

The invention relates to a device and to a method for controlling a test stand arrangement having a specimen and having a loading machine, which is connected to the specimen by a connecting shaft. An estimated value (T.sub.E,est) for for the internal torque (T.sub.E) of the specimen is determined and, from the estimated value (T.sub.E,est), while taking into account a natural frequency (f.sub.0) and a delay, a damping signal (T.sub.Damp) is determined and fed back into the control loop.

A test bench for testing a planetary transmission is provided. In order to utilize the test bench for a planetary transmission without a planetary carrier bearing, the test bench has a central bearing unit. The central bearing unit is configured to rotatably mount a planetary carrier of a first stage of the planetary transmission, and the central bearing unit is configured, furthermore, to center an internal gear of the planetary transmission with respect to the planetary carrier.

A test bench for testing a planetary transmission is provided. In order to utilize the test bench for a planetary transmission without a planetary carrier bearing, the test bench has a central bearing unit. The central bearing unit is configured to rotatably mount a planetary carrier of a first stage of the planetary transmission, and the central bearing unit is configured, furthermore, to center an internal gear of the planetary transmission with respect to the planetary carrier.

Embodiments of real vehicle in-the-loop test systems and methods are disclosed. The system can include a sensor configured to acquire state information and location information of a real vehicle and environment information of an emulation test environment where the vehicle is located; an interaction module configured to acquire a test task in response to the instruction entered by a user, an emulation test environment of the test task comprises a test situation, a map, and an intelligent agent; a vehicle sensing module configured to acquire the state information, the location information, and the environment information from the sensor; and a test task control module configured to receive the test task from the interaction module, the state information and the location information from the vehicle sensing module and load them to the emulation test environment, control the real vehicle to execute the test task, and generate and send the test result.

Embodiments of real vehicle in-the-loop test systems and methods are disclosed. The system can include a sensor configured to acquire state information and location information of a real vehicle and environment information of an emulation test environment where the vehicle is located; an interaction module configured to acquire a test task in response to the instruction entered by a user, an emulation test environment of the test task comprises a test situation, a map, and an intelligent agent; a vehicle sensing module configured to acquire the state information, the location information, and the environment information from the sensor; and a test task control module configured to receive the test task from the interaction module, the state information and the location information from the vehicle sensing module and load them to the emulation test environment, control the real vehicle to execute the test task, and generate and send the test result.