The invention pertains to an aerosol detector system for spatially resolved detection of an aerosol distribution in an area, comprising: a wide field polarization preserving telescope having telecentric imaging optics for imaging the earth surface onto a detector; said detector receiving phase stepped images imaged by said telescope; and a controller coupled to the detector, arranged to provide a resulting image as a function of corresponding pixel values of the multiple images to produce an image at a spatially resolved polarization state corresponding to said aerosol substance; wherein the telescope comprises a first telecentric imaging lens group and a wavelength filter positioned in a field image of the first telescope telecentric beam to define a spectral range of interest; the telescope further comprising: a converging lens group converging the beam to a pupil stop; relay optics including a second telecentric imaging lens group arranged to generate a telecentric beam; and splitter optics, comprising a polarization splitter for the selected wavelength range to split the telebeam into polarized beams; a further splitter; and a retarder to create multiple phase stepped images at different polarizations, the detector comprising multiple image sensors positioned in imaging planes after the splitter optics, and said polarization splitter, further splitter and retarder positioned in the telecentric beam of the second telecentric imaging lens group.

A sample analysis tool includes a sample chamber to hold a sample. The tool also includes a broadband angle-selective filter arranged along an optical path with the sample chamber. The tool also includes an electromagnetic radiation (ER) transducer that outputs a signal in response to electromagnetic radiation that passes through the broadband angle-selective filter. The tool also includes a storage device that stores data corresponding to the signal output from the ER transducer, wherein the data indicates a property of the sample.

An optical element testing system includes a broadband angle-selective filter arranged along an optical path with an optical element to be tested. The system also includes a electromagnetic radiation transducer that outputs a signal in response to electromagnetic radiation that passes through the broadband angle-selective filter. The system also includes a storage device that stores data corresponding to the signal output from the electromagnetic radiation transducer, wherein the data indicates a property of the optical element in response to a test.

A method of selecting retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells from a mixed population of cells is disclosed. The method comprises: (a) analyzing the cells of the mixed population of cells for at least one of the following parameters: (i) cells which autofluorescence above a predetermined threshold; (ii) cells which express CD81 above a predetermined threshold; and (iii) cells which scatter light perpendicular to a laser beam above a predetermined threshold; and (b) selecting cells which are positive for at least one of the parameters, thereby sorting RPE cells from a mixed population of cells.

A method of assessing tissue health comprises the steps of obtaining depth-resolved spectra of a selected area of in vivo tissue, and assessing the health of the selected area based on the depth-resolved structural information of the scatterers. Obtaining depth-resolved spectra of the selected area comprises directing a sample beam towards the selected area at an angle, and receiving an angle-resolved scattered sample beam. The angle-resolved scattered sample beam is cross-correlated with the reference beam to produce an angle-resolved cross-correlated signal about the selected area, which is spectrally dispersed to yield an angle-resolved, spectrally-resolved cross-correlation profile having depth-resolved information about the selected area. The angle-resolved, spectrally-resolved cross-correlation profile is processed to obtain depth-resolved information about scatterers in the selected area.

An inspection apparatus includes an optical system, which has a radiation beam delivery system for delivering radiation to a target, and a radiation beam collection system for collecting radiation after scattering from the target. Both the delivery system and the collection system comprise optical components that control the characteristics of the radiation and the collected radiation. By controlling the characteristics of one or both of the radiation and collected radiation, the depth of focus of the optical system may be increased.

The present invention features methods and devices for microorganisms through detecting Mie light scattering from immunoagglutinated beads. The methods feature providing a first bead suspension with antibody specific for the microorganism conjugated to beads; mixing the first bead suspension with a sample to form a first mixture; irradiating the first mixture with first incident light; detecting forward light scattering at a first angle with respect to the first incident light, where the first angle being between about 30 to 60 degrees; determining I from the light scattering; providing a second bead suspension with no antibody and simultaneously measuring I.sub.0 in a similar manner; comparing I with I.sub.0. All light scattering measurements may be made in a two-well slide or a Y-channel microfluidic device.

A method of selecting retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells from a mixed population of cells is disclosed. The method comprises: (a) analyzing the cells of the mixed population of cells for at least one of the following parameters: (i) cells which autofluorescence above a predetermined threshold; (ii) cells which express CD81 above a predetermined threshold; and (iii) cells which scatter light perpendicular to a laser beam above a predetermined threshold; and (b) selecting cells which are positive for at least one of the parameters, thereby sorting RPE cells from a mixed population of cells.

Disclosed is a cell analyzer that includes a flow cell through which a measurement specimen containing a body fluid flows, a light emission unit that applies light onto the measurement specimen flowing through the flow cell, a light detection unit that detects forward scattered light generated from cells in the measurement specimen to which the light is applied, an analysis unit that is programmed to analyze the cells in the body fluid based on a forward scattered light signal detected by the light detection unit, and an output unit. The analysis unit is programmed to control the output unit to output information about tumor cells in the body fluid, based on forward scattered light signal intensity and forward scattered light signal width.

A system comprises a faceted structure imaging assembly and a faceted structure image analyzer. Signature information of the gemstone is obtained and compared to stored signature information. The signature information includes angular spectrum information generated by the imaging assembly while a colored light pattern is reflected onto the gemstone. The signature information uniquely identifies the gemstone and indicates whether an entity was the source of the gemstone. The signature information comparison involves comparing an angular spectrum image obtained by the imaging assembly to stored angular spectrum images. In one example, the system compares the obtained signature information to stored signature information to validate a source of the gemstone. In another example, the system obtains signature information of the gemstone and forwards the signature information to a remote validation system. The remote validation system compares the signature information to stored signature information and forwards a validation result to the system.