An actuator is provided that includes a housing, a linear actuating shaft disposed within the housing, a piston coupled with the shaft, and a fluid barrier disposed on an end of the shaft and encircled by the piston. The piston is movable longitudinally between an extended configuration and a retracted configuration upon rotation of the shaft. The fluid barrier engages an inner surface of the piston preventing fluid communication across the fluid barrier. The fluid barrier has a shaft engaging side which receives the shaft and a fluid facing side. A cavity is formed between the piston and the fluid facing side and expands when the piston moves to the extended configuration and contracts when the piston moves to the retracted configuration. A port is disposed in the piston and extends from the cavity to external the piston thereby permitting fluid communication between the cavity and external the piston.

Methods and systems for control of solid phase peptide synthesis are generally described. Control of solid phase peptide synthesis involves the use of feedback from one or more reactions and/or processes (e.g., reagent removal) taking place in the solid phase peptide synthesis system. In some embodiments, a detector may detect one or more fluids flowing across a detection zone of a solid phase peptide synthesis system and one or more signals may be generated corresponding to the fluid(s). For instance, an electromagnetic radiation detector positioned downstream of a reactor may detect a fluid exiting the reactor after a deprotection reactor and produce a signal(s). In some embodiments, based at least in part on information derived from the signal(s), a parameter of the system may be modulated prior to and/or during one or more subsequent reactions and/or processes taking place in the solid phase peptide synthesis system. In some embodiments, the methods and systems, described herein, can be used to conduct quality control to determine and correct problems (e.g., aggregation, truncation, deletion) in reactions (e.g., coupling reactions) taking place in the solid phase peptide synthesis system.

Method for open-loop or closed-loop control of a process, in particular a downstream bioprocess, based on the projection of an unknown concentration of at least one substance in a sample using spectroscopy, in particular UV/vis spectroscopy, comprising the steps: Detect spectrums of a plurality of concentration samples, wherein at least two concentration samples have differing concentrations of the substance; generate several quantitative models based on the spectrums of the concentration samples, wherein the models each have a mapping of at least one spectral measurand of the spectrums to concentrations in concentration ranges, wherein the concentration ranges of two models are not identical; detect at least one sample spectrum of the sample; map the sample spectrum to at least one quantitative model of the generated quantitative models; apply the at least one quantitative model that was mapped to the sample spectrum against the sample spectrum to determine a projected value for the unknown concentration; and apply open-loop and/or closed-loop control of the process for at least one parameter based on the projected value for the undetermined concentration.

Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to apparatus, systems, and methods for in-situ film growth rate monitoring. A thickness of a film on a substrate is monitored during a substrate processing operation that deposits the film on the substrate. The thickness is monitored while the substrate processing operation is conducted. The monitoring includes directing light in a direction toward a crystalline coupon. The direction is perpendicular to a heating direction. In one implementation, a reflectometer system to monitor film growth during substrate processing operations includes a first block that includes a first inner surface. The reflectometer system includes a light emitter disposed in the first block and oriented toward the first inner surface, and a light receiver disposed in the first block and oriented toward the first inner surface. The reflectometer system includes a second block opposing the first block.

A method for measuring the radiant exposure of energy curable inks or coatings on a printing press. The steps for measuring comprise: a) providing an ink or coating material comprising a fluorescent probe; b) transferring the ink or coating material onto a substrate using a printing process; c) exposing the ink or coating material to actinic radiation capable of initiating cure of the ink or coating material that also alters the luminescence of the probe; d) exposing the ink or coating to a first source of excitation light with wavelength and luminance capable of absorption by the fluorescent probe; and e) measuring the emitted light from the fluorescent probe by a first detector.

A laser irradiation apparatus includes: a laser generation apparatus configured to generate first laser light for performing heat treatment of an object to be processed; a measurement-laser emission unit configured to emit linearly-polarized second laser light toward an irradiation area on the object to be processed to which the first laser light is applied; a first polarizing plate configured to let, of the whole reflected light of the second laser light reflected by the object to be processed, a part of the reflected light that has a first polarization direction pass therethrough; and a measurement-laser detection unit configured to detect the reflected light that has passed through the first polarizing plate.

An apparatus includes a base component and collimators housed within the base component. The collimators correspond to collection cylinders for sampling optical emission spectroscopy (OES) signals with respect to locations of a wafer in an etch chamber. The apparatus further includes a guide, operatively coupled to the plurality of collimators, to guide the sampling of the OES signals along paths for sampling the OES signals.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fiber-reinforced resin material having minimal directionality of strength as well as excellent productivity, a method and device for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced resin material whereby a molded article is obtained, and a device for inspecting a fiber bundle group. A method for manufacturing a sheet-shaped fiber-reinforced resin material in which a paste (P1) is impregnated between cut fiber bundles (CF), the method for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced resin material including a coating step applying a coating of a paste (P1) on a first sheet (S11) conveyed in a predetermined direction, a cutting step for cutting a long fiber bundle (CF) using a cutter (113A), a scattering step for dispersing the cut fiber bundles (CF) and scattering the cut fiber bundles (CF) on the paste (P1), and an impregnation step for pressing a fiber bundle group (F1) and the paste (P1) on the first sheet (S11) and impregnating the paste (P1) between the fiber bundles (CF).

A computer-implemented method for spectroscopic analysis of biological material is provided that includes analyzing samples of biological material from a plurality of sources, and delivering samples of biological material to at least one flow cell for spectroscopy, and determining whether the spectroscopic analysis for each sample of the plurality of samples is or is predicted to be ambiguous in that it is affected by at least two non-discriminable factors. If such a determination is made, a disambiguating step can be performed.

A monitoring system is presented for monitoring plants' conditions in one or more plant growing areas. The system comprises: a data collection system configured and operable to provide characterization data about plants in said one or more plant growing areas, the data collection system comprising data collection modules of at least first and second different types, the first type data collection module comprising a first imaging device of predetermined first optical properties and the second type data collection module comprising a second imaging device of predetermined second optical properties different from the first optical properties, the characterization data provided by at least one of the first and second imaging devices being indicative of various parameters of the plants being imaged; and a control system configured and operable to be in data communication with an analyzer to be responsive to operational data received from the analyzer and being based on analysis of the image data indicative of one or more plants being imaged by the first type imaging device, to selectively activate the second type imaging device to apply the second type imaging to at least a part of said one or more plants.