A degradation predicting method is a degradation predicting method for predicting degradation of a reinforced concrete structure buried in the ground, the method including: a condensation occurrence condition evaluating step (S1) of evaluating a condensation occurrence condition on which condensation occurs on reinforcing steel; a condensation time calculating step (S2) of calculating a condensation time that is a total time in which condensation occurs on the reinforcing steel based on the condensation occurrence condition for each of a plurality of the reinforced concrete structures; a threshold determining step (S3) of determining a threshold of underground depth at which the reinforced concrete structure is less prone to degradation based on a relationship between the condensation time and a underground depth of the reinforced concrete structure; and a degradation predicting step (S4) of predicting degradation of a prediction-target reinforced concrete structure based on the threshold.

A degradation predicting method is a degradation predicting method for predicting degradation of a reinforced concrete structure buried in the ground, the method including: a condensation occurrence condition evaluating step (S1) of evaluating a condensation occurrence condition on which condensation occurs on reinforcing steel; a condensation time calculating step (S2) of calculating a condensation time that is a total time in which condensation occurs on the reinforcing steel based on the condensation occurrence condition for each of a plurality of the reinforced concrete structures; a threshold determining step (S3) of determining a threshold of underground depth at which the reinforced concrete structure is less prone to degradation based on a relationship between the condensation time and a underground depth of the reinforced concrete structure; and a degradation predicting step (S4) of predicting degradation of a prediction-target reinforced concrete structure based on the threshold.

Apparatus and device for testing within a metal pipe are described. The apparatus includes an exciter for generating an electromagnetic (EM) field for exciting a wall of the metal pipe; an extendable and retractable sensor assembly comprising a plurality of sensor bars arranged in an angled manner with respect to an axis of the pipe for sensing residue EM field on a wall of the pipe; a plurality of guide wheel assemblies for supporting and moving the apparatus along the axis of the pipe; and a control unit for recording sensed data from the sensor assembly.

Apparatus and device for testing within a metal pipe are described. The apparatus includes an exciter for generating an electromagnetic (EM) field for exciting a wall of the metal pipe; an extendable and retractable sensor assembly comprising a plurality of sensor bars arranged in an angled manner with respect to an axis of the pipe for sensing residue EM field on a wall of the pipe; a plurality of guide wheel assemblies for supporting and moving the apparatus along the axis of the pipe; and a control unit for recording sensed data from the sensor assembly.

A system for detecting, in an examination, at least one defect in a target area of an article using a controller with a processor, an oscillator, a display, and an amplifier. The controller generates sonic pulses and receives pulse reflections. The system includes a sonic probe with an array of pulse transmitting-receiving elements that fires the sonic pulses and receives the pulse reflections. The system includes a couplant applied between the sonic probe and a test surface of the article. The couplant conducts the sonic pulses between the sonic probe and the article. The sonic pulses detect defects in the target area of the article. The sonic pulses are transmitted by the sonic probe into the target area, reflected off of the defect, returned to the sonic probe, received by the pulse transmitting-receiving elements, and are transmitted to the controller.

A system for detecting, in an examination, at least one defect in a target area of an article using a controller with a processor, an oscillator, a display, and an amplifier. The controller generates sonic pulses and receives pulse reflections. The system includes a sonic probe with an array of pulse transmitting-receiving elements that fires the sonic pulses and receives the pulse reflections. The system includes a couplant applied between the sonic probe and a test surface of the article. The couplant conducts the sonic pulses between the sonic probe and the article. The sonic pulses detect defects in the target area of the article. The sonic pulses are transmitted by the sonic probe into the target area, reflected off of the defect, returned to the sonic probe, received by the pulse transmitting-receiving elements, and are transmitted to the controller.

In an anti-biofouling context, an anti-biofouling system (20) is provided, which is configured to emit anti-biofouling light in an activated state thereof and to be applied to an object (10). Further, the anti-biofouling system (20) comprises a sensor system (30) that is configured to obtain measurement data relating to at least one structural feature of an anti-biofouling arrangement (1) including both the anti-biofouling system (20) and the object (10) in an actual case of the anti-biofouling system (20) being in place on the object (10). By having the sensor system (30) as mentioned in the anti-biofouling system (20), it is achieved that one or more structural aspects of the anti-biofouling arrangement (1) may be checked/monitored without a need for providing separate means for fulfilling such functionality.

In an anti-biofouling context, an anti-biofouling system (20) is provided, which is configured to emit anti-biofouling light in an activated state thereof and to be applied to an object (10). Further, the anti-biofouling system (20) comprises a sensor system (30) that is configured to obtain measurement data relating to at least one structural feature of an anti-biofouling arrangement (1) including both the anti-biofouling system (20) and the object (10) in an actual case of the anti-biofouling system (20) being in place on the object (10). By having the sensor system (30) as mentioned in the anti-biofouling system (20), it is achieved that one or more structural aspects of the anti-biofouling arrangement (1) may be checked/monitored without a need for providing separate means for fulfilling such functionality.

A surface defect inspecting device for steel sheets includes: an illuminating unit configured to illuminate an imaging target portion on a surface of a steel sheet; first and second diffuse reflection light imaging units arranged at a first angle and at a second angle larger than the first angle with respect to a specular reflection direction of illuminated light reflected from the imaging target portion, respectively, imaging simultaneously reflection light of illuminated light reflected from the imaging target portion; and an image signal processor configured to process first and second diffuse reflection image signals acquired by the first and second diffuse reflection light imaging units, respectively, detecting, as a surface defect portion, a portion for which brightness level is lower than a first predetermined threshold in the first diffuse reflection image signal as well as higher than a second predetermined threshold in the second diffuse reflection image signal.

A surface defect inspecting device for steel sheets includes: an illuminating unit configured to illuminate an imaging target portion on a surface of a steel sheet; first and second diffuse reflection light imaging units arranged at a first angle and at a second angle larger than the first angle with respect to a specular reflection direction of illuminated light reflected from the imaging target portion, respectively, imaging simultaneously reflection light of illuminated light reflected from the imaging target portion; and an image signal processor configured to process first and second diffuse reflection image signals acquired by the first and second diffuse reflection light imaging units, respectively, detecting, as a surface defect portion, a portion for which brightness level is lower than a first predetermined threshold in the first diffuse reflection image signal as well as higher than a second predetermined threshold in the second diffuse reflection image signal.