A gas analysis device includes a light source configured to emit laser beam to a target gas, a reflection body which reflects the laser beam, a light reception device that receives the laser beam reflected by the reflection body, a container which contains the light source and the light reception device, and an alignment mechanism that includes an insertion member inserted from outside of the container to inside of the container to move, along a plane intersecting with the irradiation direction of the laser beam, at least any one of the light source and the light reception device.

An optical measurement cell including first and second translucent members, which sandwich an internal space storing test liquid, are configured so that light incident on the first translucent member passes through the internal space and is emitted from the second translucent member. The cell includes a first holding member that holds down the circumference of a light transmission area on an outward surface of the first translucent member; a second holding member that holds down the circumference of a light transmission area on an outward surface of the second translucent member; and seal members that are respectively interposed between the first translucent and holding members and between the second translucent and holding members. In addition, areas excluding parts of surfaces of the respective translucent members are coated with coated films, and the end parts of the coated films are positioned on light transmission area sides of the seal members.

Disclosed herein are seals for liquid-tight bonding of an optical window comprising a BiIn alloy. Also disclosed are optical cells comprising the BiIn alloy seals to provide a liquid-tight seal between a cell housing and a drilled optical window.

An inspection apparatus is provided that comprises an optical target including a solid host material and a fluorescing material embedded in the solid host material. The solid host material has a predetermined phonon energy HOST.sub.PE. The fluorescing material exhibits a select ground energy level and a target excitation (TE) energy level separated from the ground energy level by a first energy gap corresponding to a fluorescence emission wavelength of interest. The fluorescing material has a next lower lying (NLL) energy level relative to the TE energy level. The NLL energy level is spaced a second energy gap FM.sub.EG2 below the TE energy level, wherein a ratio of the FM.sub.EG2/HOST.sub.PE is three or more.

Disclosed herein are seals for liquid-tight bonding of an optical window comprising a BiIn alloy. Also disclosed are optical cells comprising the BiIn alloy seals to provide a liquid-tight seal between a cell housing and a drilled optical window.

An inspection apparatus is provided that comprises an optical target including a solid host material and a fluorescing material embedded in the solid host material. The solid host material has a predetermined phonon energy HOST.sub.PE. The fluorescing material exhibits a select ground energy level and a target excitation (TE) energy level separated from the ground energy level by a first energy gap corresponding to a fluorescence emission wavelength of interest. The fluorescing material has a next lower lying (NLL) energy level relative to the TE energy level. The NLL energy level is spaced a second energy gap FM.sub.EG2 below the TE energy level, wherein a ratio of the FM.sub.EG2/HOST.sub.PE is three or more.

Aspects relate to an optical fluid analyzer including a fluid cell configured to receive a sample fluid. The optical fluid analyzer further includes optical elements configured to seal the fluid cell on opposing sides thereof and to allow input light from a light source to be sent through the fluid cell and output light from the fluid cell to be input to a spectrometer. The optical fluid analyzer further includes a machine learning (ML) engine, such as an artificial intelligence (AI) engine, that is configured to generate a result defining at least one parameter of the fluid based on a spectrum produced by the spectrometer.

A SERS unit comprises a substrate; an optical function part formed on the substrate, for generating surface-enhanced Raman scattering; and a package containing the optical function part in an inert space and configured to irreversibly expose the space.

A photoelectric smoke sensor includes a housing having a circuit accommodation chamber, an inflow chamber provided in the housing, a light emitting portion provided in the inflow chamber, and a light receiving portion provided in the inflow chamber. The light emitting portion includes a first light and a first support portion surrounding the first light guide. The light receiving portion includes a second light guide and guiding the light to the light receiving element and a second support portion surrounding the second light guide. The first support portion and the second support portion are configured to prevent escape of a flame from the circuit accommodation chamber to the inflow chamber.

A well-logging tool may include a sonde housing, and a radiation generator carried by the sonde housing. The radiation generator may include a generator housing, a target carried by the generator housing, a charged particle source carried by the generator housing to direct charged particles at the target, and at least one voltage source coupled to the charged particle source. The at least one voltage source may include a voltage ladder comprising a plurality of voltage multiplication stages coupled in a bi-polar configuration, and at least one loading coil coupled at at least one intermediate position along the voltage ladder. The well-logging tool may further include at least one radiation detector carried by the sonde housing.