An optical sensor has a body including a transparent interface wall having an outer surface in contact with a liquid, to define therewith a reflection interface. An optical module is coupled at an inner surface of the interface wall, to detect a characteristic of the liquid substance via light reflection. The optical module includes a light emitter and a light receiver facing respective inclined surfaces of the interface wall. The optical module also includes a supporting structure which is elastically flexible, to enable the light emitter and the light receiver of the optical module to vary a relative position thereof and with respect to the inclined surfaces of the interface wall, when the supporting structure is secured to the inner surface of the interface wall.

The present disclosure is directed to an optical measurement unit for a scanning device, to a scanning device and a method for operating a scanning device, for high throughput sample analysis of biological samples, wherein an illumination system is used to emit light of at least two different illumination wavelength ranges, and wherein an imaging system is used to detect light of at least two different detection wavelength ranges, in order to detect electromagnetic radiation within a field of view for determining the positioning of a sample within the field of view.

The present disclosure relates to mobile devices for analyzing a chemical composition, and related methods of analyzing a chemical composition. A benefit of embodiments disclosed herein can include portable and economical devices providing for simple and rapid analysis of luminescent chemical sensor arrays. A benefit of methods disclosed herein can include the use of embodied devices to provide highly accurate qualitative and quantitative analyses of the components of a broad range of chemical compositions. A benefit of the methods disclosed herein can include the rapid, simple, and accurate analysis of trace chemicals present in chemical compositions.

Systems are provided for a modular multi-wavelength UV-VIS detector unit, such as an absorbance detector (e.g., spectrophotometer) included in a high-performance liquid chromatography system. In one example, a detector unit includes one or more light emitters and a sliding assembly configured to slidingly move a flow cell relative to the one or more light emitters, the one or more light emitters mounted on a floating rig to facilitate alignment between the one or more light emitters and the flow cell when the sliding assembly is in a closed position.

An inspection apparatus is provided that comprises an optical target including a solid host material and a fluorescing material embedded in the solid host material. The solid host material has a predetermined phonon energy HOST.sub.PE. The fluorescing material exhibits a select ground energy level and a target excitation (TE) energy level separated from the ground energy level by a first energy gap corresponding to a fluorescence emission wavelength of interest. The fluorescing material has a next lower lying (NLL) energy level relative to the TE energy level. The NLL energy level is spaced a second energy gap FM.sub.EG2 below the TE energy level, wherein a ratio of the FM.sub.EG2/HOST.sub.PE is three or more.

An apparatus for analysing a liquid sample comprising particles, comprises: a first chamber (12) and a second chamber (14), and an optical path between the first chamber (12) and the second chamber (14), wherein: the first chamber (12) is a sample chamber comprising: a sample space for receiving the sample; a light input (24) for input of light into the first chamber (12) for interaction with the sample; and an exit aperture (26) arranged for scattered and/or reflected light to pass from the first chamber via the optical path to the second chamber (14); the second chamber (14) is a detection chamber comprising: an input aperture (28) for receiving light from the optical path; and a detector (25) for detecting, or a detector aperture for receiving, light to be detected; wherein the first chamber (12) and the second chamber (14) provide at least one light integrating volume, and wherein the first chamber (12) is configured such that in operation the liquid sample is present in the first chamber (12) and isolated from the second chamber (14).

Systems are provided for a modular multi-wavelength UV-VIS detector unit, such as an absorbance detector (e.g., spectrophotometer) included in a high-performance liquid chromatography system. In one example, a detector unit includes one or more light emitters and a sliding assembly configured to slidingly move a flow cell relative to the one or more light emitters, the one or more light emitters mounted on a floating rig to facilitate alignment between the one or more light emitters and the flow cell when the sliding assembly is in a closed position.

An inspection apparatus is provided that comprises an optical target including a solid host material and a fluorescing material embedded in the solid host material. The solid host material has a predetermined phonon energy HOST.sub.PE. The fluorescing material exhibits a select ground energy level and a target excitation (TE) energy level separated from the ground energy level by a first energy gap corresponding to a fluorescence emission wavelength of interest. The fluorescing material has a next lower lying (NLL) energy level relative to the TE energy level. The NLL energy level is spaced a second energy gap FM.sub.EG2 below the TE energy level, wherein a ratio of the FM.sub.EG2/HOST.sub.PE is three or more.

An optical measurement apparatus includes a main body base, an optical base movably combined with the main body base, a measurement optical system fixed to the optical base, and an optical base moving mechanism which moves the optical base relative to the main body base. The optical base moving mechanism moves the optical base relative to the main body base between an internal measurement position and an external measurement position. A measurement object position of the measurement optical system coincides with an internal measurement object position within the main body base. The measurement object position of the measurement optical system coincides with an external measurement object position outside the main body base.

Description according to the present disclosure relates to an apparatus for inspecting a welding tip of a spot welding gun, and more particularly, to an apparatus for inspecting a welding tip of a spot welding gun, the apparatus enabling a user to replace a camera module swiftly and conveniently.