A temperature measurement system configured to measure a temperature of a target object having a first main surface and a second main surface includes a light source unit configured to emit output light penetrating the target object and including a first wavelength range and a second wavelength range; a measurement unit configured to measure a spectrum of reflected light; an optical path length ratio calculator configured to calculate an optical path length ratio between the output light of the first wavelength range and the output light of the second wavelength range; and a temperature calculator configured to calculate the temperature of the target object based on the optical path length ratio and a previously investigated relationship between the temperature of the target object and a refractive index ratio between the output light of the first wavelength range and the output light of the second wavelength range.

Provided is a concentration measurement apparatus for measuring a concentration of a measurement object using an infrared ray, the concentration measurement apparatus including a signal acquisition unit configured to acquire a detection signal, a temperature information acquisition unit configured to acquire temperature information, a correction unit configured to output a correction signal obtained by correcting a temperature dependency of the detection signal based on the temperature information, and a calculation unit configured to calculate the concentration of the measurement object according to the correction signal using calibration curve data at a predetermined reference temperature for calculating the concentration of the measurement object, in which the correction unit is configured to output the correction signal obtained by performing linear correction of the detection signal using, among predetermined correction parameters different for three or more respective temperature segments, the correction parameter in a temperature segment corresponding to the temperature information.

An electronic arrangement includes a first bias terminal, a ground terminal, a photodiode including an anode terminal and a cathode terminal, and a transimpedance amplifier including an operational amplifier. The electronic arrangement is selectively switchable to a photocurrent measurement mode and a temperature measurement mode. In the photocurrent measurement mode: the anode terminal is connected to a first input of the operational amplifier; the cathode terminal is connected to a second input of the operational amplifier; and the first bias terminal is connected to the first input of the operational amplifier and the anode terminal. In the temperature measurement mode: the anode terminal is connected to the ground terminal; the cathode terminal is connected to the second input of the operational amplifier; and the first bias terminal is connected to the first input of the operational amplifier and disconnected from the anode terminal.

A method for operating a sensor device for determining a road condition. Beams of at least one beam source are generated and emitted into a scanning area. Beams that are scattered or reflected back from the scanning area are ascertained by at least one detector and evaluated for determining the road condition with the aid of the control unit coupled to the detector. Temperature-dependent influences on at least one component of the sensor device are ascertained with the aid of at least one sensor. The temperature-dependent influences on the component of the sensor device are compensated for by a heating device and/or a cooling device and/or during the evaluation by the control unit. A control unit and a computer program are also described.

An oxygen sensing system comprises a substrate structured to communicate optical signals. An oxygen sensing layer is disposed on the substrate and comprises an oxygen sensing molecule in a matrix in a first unexcited state and formulated to: (a) be excited by a first optical signal to move to a second state; (b) be quenched in the second state by oxygen; and (c) emit a second optical signal corresponding to an amount of oxygen. A protective layer, disposed on the oxygen sensing layer, includes at least one of i) an oleophobic layer and ii) an anti-fouling layer. A controller is optically coupled to the substrate and structured to generate the first optical signal, receive the second optical signal and determine oxygen concentration from the second optical signal.

An aquatic environment water parameter testing system and related methods and chemical indicator elements. The aquatic environment water parameter testing system includes an electronics portion having an optical reader element and a sample chamber portion having a chemical indicator element which may be removably connected. A chemical indicator element may include an information storage and communication element used, in part, to provide identification of a chemical indicator of the chemical indicator element. Conductivity and/or temperature may be utilized to calibrate readings by the optical reader element. A chemical indicator element may also include a thin film material having particular optical characteristics tied to the light from a light source, such as a light source of an optical reader element.

The present application describes an optical sensor for measuring oxygen gas levels in a medium. The optical sensor includes a substrate having a first and second surface. The optical sensor also includes a first coating applied on the first surface of the substrate. The first coating may include an oxygen impermeable matrix doped with a first fluorophore. The optical sensor may include a second coating applied on the substrate. The present application also describes a capnography system for measuring oxygen including an optical sensor and an algorithm to estimate the maxima of oxygen levels from instantaneous oxygen levels and calculating instantaneous carbon dioxide levels from the difference between average maximum oxygen gas level and instantaneous oxygen gas level.

A test apparatus for measuring the temperature of a reactor using a thermochromic pigment, and a method for controlling the test apparatus are disclosed, based on a technology for irradiating light of different wavelengths on a thermochromic pigment accommodated in a reactor and estimating temperature of the reactor using a difference between absorbance values corresponding to the light of the different wavelengths. The test apparatus includes at least one light emitter configured to irradiate light of different wavelengths onto a chamber included in the reactor, a light receiver configured to receive the light that propagates through the chamber, and a controller configured to measure absorbance values of the thermochromic pigment in correspondence to the different wavelengths of the light, to calculate a difference between the measured absorbance values, and to determine a temperature of the reactor in correspondence to the calculated difference between the absorbance values.

Quantitative colorimetric carbon dioxide detection and measurement systems are disclosed. The systems can include a gas conduit, a colorimetric indicator adapted to exhibit a color change in response to exposure to carbon dioxide gas, a temperature controller operatively coupled to the colorimetric indicator and configured to control the temperature of the colorimetric indicator, an electro-optical sensor assembly including a light source or sources adapted to transmit light to the colorimetric indicator, and a photodiode or photodiodes configured to detect light reflected from the colorimetric indicator and to generate a measurement signal, and a processor in communication with the electro-optical sensor assembly. The processor can be configured to receive the measurement signal generated by the electro-optical sensor assembly and to compute a concentration of carbon dioxide based on the measurement signal. Methods for using the systems are also disclosed including providing a breathing therapy to a patient or user.

An analyzer and a detection system are provided. The analyzer includes a chip placement structure and at least one detector unit. The chip placement structure is configured to place a detection chip, and the detection chip is provided with at least one detection area. The at least one detector unit is configured to detect one or more detection areas of the detection chip in a case where the detection chip is placed on the chip placement structure.