An environmental condition may be measured with a sensor (10) including a wire (20) having an ultrasonic signal transmission characteristic that varies in response to the environmental condition by sensing ultrasonic energy propagated through the wire using multiple types of propagation, and separating an effect of temperature on the wire from an effect of strain on the wire using the sensed ultrasonic energy propagated through the wire using the multiple types of propagation. A positive feedback loop may be used to excite the wire such that strain in the wire is based upon a sensed resonant frequency, while a square wave with a controlled duty cycle may be used to excite the wire at multiple excitation frequencies. A phase matched cone (200, 210) may be used to couple ultrasonic energy between a waveguide wire (202, 212) and a transducer (204, 214).

Systems and methods for prediction of state of charge (SOH), state of health (SOC) and other characteristics of batteries using acoustic signals, includes determining acoustic data at two or more states of charge and determining a reduced acoustic data set representative of the acoustic data at the two or more states of charge. The reduced acoustic data set includes time of flight (TOF) shift, total signal amplitude, or other data points related to the states of charge. Machine learning models use at least the reduced acoustic dataset in conjunction with non-acoustic data such as voltage and temperature for predicting the characteristics of any other independent battery.

A method for testing and extracting paleo-tectonic geostress based on rock core, including: selecting rock cores in different tectonic periods; preparing standard cylindrical samples from the rock cores in a specific orientation; subjecting the samples to an acoustic emission test to test paleo-stresses of multiple tectonic periods and obtain paleo-tectonic stress data sequence; based on a correlation analysis and an Euclidean distance of the stress data sequence, stripping and extracting multi-level Kaiser stress points of the acoustic emission of rock cores from different formations, so as to calculate and evaluate the ground stress of an evaluated formation in an evaluated paleo-tectonic period.

A vibration amplification and detection device may include a coiled diaphragm coupled to a pin that is also coupled to a substrate. The coiled diaphragm may be coupled to the pin via at least one axle and a fulcrum disc, and the vibration detection device may be coupled to a surface via the substrate. Responsive to vibration associated with or proximate the surface, the coiled diaphragm may receive and amplify the received vibration. In addition, a sensor associated with the vibration detection device may capture or detect the received and amplified vibration. Further, the detected vibration may be processed and compared with known vibrations and associated properties. Moreover, one or more actions may be instructed based on the detected vibration and associated properties.

A method of estimating a material mechanical property of a porous material, for an application or objective with a specific application frequency and application strain amplitude, includes estimating an application frequency and an application strain amplitude for use in a targeted application or objective, and constructing a frequency transfer function relating the material mechanical property to measurement frequencies, the measurement frequency range including a measurement frequency different from the application frequency. The method also includes constructing a strain amplitude transfer function relating the material mechanical property at the measurement strain amplitude and the material mechanical property at the application strain amplitude, the measurement strain amplitude different from the application strain amplitude, deriving the material mechanical property from the frequency transfer function using the application frequency, and predicting the material mechanical property from the strain amplitude transformation function using the derived material mechanical property.

A method, apparatus and system are disclosed for the measuring directly in units of force or mass huge load of form 10 to 1000 tons or more. The system includes a unique load carrying member to which the huge load is applied and based on readings of three types of ultrasonic waves and the change in the dimensions of the load carrying member it is able to directly calculate the force in units of newtons or units of mass in kilograms of the applied load.

Non-destructive evaluation (NDE) systems and methods are provided for monitoring objects being manufactured during a cure or consolidation process and for detecting defects that occur during the cure or consolidation process or to detect conditions of the process that can lead to the occurrence of defects. Information acquired by the NDE system during the cure or consolidation process can be used to adjust one or more parameters of the process in real-time to prevent defects from occurring or to reduce the number and/or severity of defects that occur during the cure or consolidation process.

A system includes a sensor comprising a sensor bonding layer disposed on a surface of the sensor, wherein the sensor bonding layer is a metallic alloy. An inlay includes a planar outer surface, wherein the inlay may be disposed on a curved surface of a structure. A structure bonding layer may be disposed on the planar outer surface of the inlay, wherein the structure bonding layer is a metallic alloy. The sensor bonding layer is coupled to the structure bonding layer via a metallic joint, and the sensor is configured to sense data of the structure through the metallic joint, the structure bonding layer, and the sensor bonding layer. The inlay comprises at least one of a modulus of elasticity, a shape, a thickness, and a size configured to reduce strain transmitted to the sensor.

Methods and systems for analyzing an industrial structure are provided. With a plurality of sensors (e.g. FBGs and/or piezoelectric transducers and/or electromagnetic acoustic transducers) deployed in, on or in proximity to the structure, sensors are interrogated and a function representative of the impulse response of the structure is determined by passive inverse filter. Subsequently, a map of the propagation of the elastic waves through the structure is determined via various modalities, and in particular by tomography (of bulk or guided waves, by analysis of time of flight or of the complete signal). Embodiments especially relate to the management of the number and position of the sensors, to the use of artificial noise sources, and to automatically controlling the sensors and/or noise sources to monitor the health of the structure, or even to view the dynamic behavior of the structure.

Systems and methods for determining mechanical properties of anisotropic media are disclosed. A method for determining mechanical properties of an anisotropic media includes obtaining log data of the anisotropic media, the log data corresponding to measurements of the anisotropic media collected with a logging tool; determining values for a plurality of first stiffness components of a stiffness matrix based on horizontal and vertical velocities derived from the log data; determining an upper bound for a second stiffness component of the stiffness matrix based on the values for the plurality of first stiffness components; estimating a value for the second stiffness component based on the determined upper bound; determining a mechanical property of the anisotropic media based on the estimated value of the second stiffness component; and providing the determined mechanical property.