Novel complexes of peptides from human collagen type II and types of MHC class II associated with rheumatoid arthritis are provided. There is also provided novel therapies and methods for diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis.

A pharmaceutical composition comprises (a) a peptide of between 8 and 20 amino acids comprising at least 8 consecutive amino acids residues with a sequence present in SEQ ID NO 22 or a complex of said peptide and a human recombinant MHC class II protein and (b) an immunologic adjuvant.

Disclosed are tumor necrosis factor receptor 1B (TNFR-1B) signaling targets and TNFR-1B mutants and their uses for treatment of diseases and disorders.

The present invention relates to the finding that TL1A enhances differentiation of TH17 cells, and enhance IL17 secretion from TL17 cells. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of treating an inflammatory disease comprising determining the presence of a TL1A signaling profile, and treating the disease by administering a composition comprising a therapeutically effective dosage of one or more inhibitors of TL1A or TH17 cell differentiation. In another embodiment, the disease is characterized by TH17 differentiation.

Methods for obtaining a tuberculosis assessment in a subject are provided. Aspects of the methods include assaying a tuberculosis (TB) activated sample from the subject for at least one of: (i) CD154.sup.+ T cells; and (ii) T cells having a central memory phenotype, such as a CM1 phenotype, CM2 phenotype or a CM3 phenotype; to obtain a TB biomarker signature, and then deriving a tuberculosis assessment for the subject from the TB biomarker signature. Aspects of the invention further include reagents, devices, systems, and kits thereof that find use in practicing the subject methods are provided. The methods and compositions find use in a variety of applications, including TB diagnosis and monitoring of TB treatment.

Provided herein are uses of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) for treating a cancer (such as B cell related cancer, e.g., multiple myeloma).

Antibiotics (Abx) are the worlds most misused drugs. Antibiotics misuse occurs when the drug is administered in case of a non-bacterial infection (such as a viral infection) for which it is ineffective. Overall, it is estimated that 40-70% of the worldwide Abx courses are mis-prescribed. The financial and health consequences of Abx over-prescription include the direct cost of the drugs, as well as the indirect costs of their side effects, which are estimated at >$15 billion annually. Furthermore, over-prescription directly causes the emergence of Abx-resistant strains of bacteria, which are recognized as one of the major threats to public health today. This generates an immediate need for reliable diagnostics to assist physicians in correct Abx prescription, especially at the point-of-care (POC) where most Abx are prescribed. Accordingly, some aspects of the present invention provide methods using biomarkers for rapidly detecting the source of infection and administrating the appropriate treatment.

The present invention relates to polypeptides and uses thereof for reducing CD95-meditated cell motility. In particular, the present invention relates to a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence having at least 70% of identity with the amino acid sequence ranging from the amino-acid residue at position 175 to the amino-acid residue at position 191 in SEQ ID NO:1.

Provided is an isolated TrkB agonist antibody that binds to an epitope contained in one of the extracellular domains of TrkB and is capable of activating TrkB, wherein the extracellular domains comprises extracellular D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 domains and juxtamembrane domain of TrkB. Methods of using the TrkB agonist antibody in treating or reducing the risk of a TrkB associated conditions in a subject, wherein said condition is selected from cell differentiation, synaptic development, neural injury repairing and/or neurite branching.

This disclosure provides kits and methods for detecting markers in a sample from a subject with unknown status and generating a risk assessment of the presence or absence of cancer, such as colorectal cancer. In embodiments, a kit comprises at least four reagents, each specifically binding to one of at least four polypeptides in a sample from the subject. The polypeptides include GDF15, keratin 1-10, and two or more of hepsin, IL-8, CEA, L1CAM, MCP-1, and OPG. The kit further includes at least one standard comprising a known amount of at least one of the polypeptides. The kit can also include computer readable media comprising instructions to analyze the detected amounts of the at least four polypeptides using a machine learning algorithm to determine whether a subject has an increased risk of the presence of colorectal cancer.