Methods and compositions for nucleotide sequencing are provided. In some embodiments, click chemistry is used to link barcoding oligonucleotides to DNA fragments comprising adapters introduced by a transposase.

Provided herein are, in various embodiments, devices and compositions for detecting, monitoring, and/or treating environmental stress in, and/or selecting for propagation and/or protection, one or more marine invertebrates. In some embodiments of the disclosure, the devices and compositions provide for the detection, monitoring, treatment, and or selection of coral holobionts in response to thermal stress. In still further embodiments, the disclosure provides for the selection of coral holobionts for increased viability, variation, abundance, proliferation, fecundity, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the disclosure provides for mitigation against the loss of coral reefs due to climate change.

The invention relates to a colorimetric method for detecting bacterial or fungal pathogens by detecting peptidoglycan or (1-3)--D-glucan in a sample.

The present invention is directed to a method for identifying an individual who is at risk for developing metastatic liver disease that involves measuring, in a sample isolated from the individual, exosomal levels of one or more markers of metastatic liver disease. Kits for carrying out this method are also disclosed. The present invention also relates to a method of preventing metastatic liver disease in an individual who are at risk for developing the disease that involves administering one or more inhibitors of liver pre-metastatic niche formation.

The present invention relates to cell-based assays involving the estrogen receptor and/or aromatase. The assays use assay cells that are transfected with linear cassettes containing the ESR1 or the CYP19A1 gene of interest and measure the effect of mutations on the activity of the estrogen receptor and/or aromatase, and on their response to inhibitors.

The present invention encompasses methods of detecting exosomes comprising Aspartyl-[Asparaginyl]--hydroxylase (HAAH). The present invention contemplates is further directed to methods diagnosing cancer by identifying exosomes comprising HAAH.

Disclosed is a method for detecting a level of tyrosine hydroxy lase (TH) in a biosample from a subject. The biosample comprises a homogenate of peripheral monocytes from the subject. Detection involves conducting an ELISA on the biosample using a biotinylated anti-TH antibody under conditions to allow the biotinylated anti-TH antibody to bind to TH. If elevated TH is detected, an amount of a TNF? inhibitor effective to decrease TH in peripheral monocytes of the subject may be administered. In a particular method, a TNF? inhibitor is administered if the TH level in the biosample is higher than a threshold level.

Certain embodiments of the invention provide a method for identifying a cancer cell that is sensitive to a biguanide compound or other CYP epoxygenase inhibitor, comprising detecting increased expression of at least one cytochrome P450 (CYP) and/or decreased expression of soluble epoxide hydrolase (EPHX2) in the cancer cell, wherein increased CYP expression and/or decreased expression of EPHX2 in the cancer cell correlates with increased sensitivity of the cancer cell to the biguanide compound or other CYP epoxygenase inhibitor.

Compositions and methods useful for treating a number of human disorders including, but not limited to, cancer, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and metabolic disorders are provided. For example, the disclosure features compositions and methods for modulating the hydroxylation of ACC2 by PHD3 in vitro or in vivo. Also provided are methods for monitoring and/or detecting the expression of PHD3 and/or levels of ACC2 hydroxylation, which are useful for, inter alia, determining whether a cancer cell is sensitive to glycolytic pathway inhibitors or inhibitors of fatty acid metabolism.

A method for identifying a compound that inhibits an activity of a histone lysine demethylase, in which the compound interacts with three sites of a pocket of the histone lysine demethylase generated by using a computer program, an alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), a methylated lysine, and a NIQ.