The present disclosure provides a system comprising a communication interface and computer for assigning a label to the biomolecule fingerprint, wherein the label corresponds to a biological state. The present disclosure also provides a sensor arrays for detecting biomolecules and methods of use. In some embodiments, the sensor arrays are capable of determining a disease state in a subject.

The present invention provides detection reagents and method for determining risk of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and/or susceptibility to neurodegenerative disease in a subject.

The present invention provides a method of treating or delaying the onset of Alzheimer's disease or other neurological diseases in a patient having or at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease or other neurological diseases comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of an anti-angiogenic agent. In particular, the present invention provides a method of treating and/or delaying the onset of Alzheimer's disease or other neurological diseases by inhibiting Angiopoietin-2 mediated Tie-2 angiogenic pathway comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of an inhibitor of the Angiopoietin-2 mediated Tie-2 angiogenic pathway.

The present invention provides protein markers present in a person's blood sample (such as a plasma, serum, or whole blood sample) that are associated with the Alzheimer's Disease (AD), diagnostic and treatment methods for AD, and kits for diagnosing AD.

Aspects of the application relate to methods and systems for obtaining information regarding multiple amino acids in a polypeptide based on binding interactions between the polypeptide and one or more amino acid recognizers. Kinetic signature information may be obtained from a series of signal pulses indicative of a series of binding events between one or more amino acid recognizers and an amino acid of a polypeptide (e.g., a terminal amino acid, an internal amino acid). The kinetic signature information (e.g., pulse duration, interpulse duration, recognition segment (RS) duration, intersegment duration) may be used to determine one or more chemical characteristics (e.g., identity, modification) of multiple amino acids of the polypeptide.

Embodiments of the disclosure are directed to biomarkers, or a panel of biomarkers, that determine progression of Alzheimer's disease, and methods of use thereof.

This invention provides a method for detecting cognitive disfunction diseases including mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease using a protein and a peptide of the protein different in the presence level in subjects having a normal cognitive function and patients suffering from cognitive disfunction diseases and a biomarker for detecting cognitive disfunction diseases including mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease containing the protein and the peptide. This invention is a biomarker for diagnosing cognitive disfunction diseases containing a prothrombin precursor protein of SEQ ID NO: 1 or a peptide THRB containing the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 which is a peptide of the protein, a diagnosis method for cognitive disfunction diseases using the biomarker, an antigen peptide represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 for creating a THRB peptide specific antibody to be used in the diagnosis method, and a cognitive disfunction disease diagnosis kit containing the THRB peptide specific antibody.

Provided are aggregate alpha-synuclein specific antibodies as well as fragments, derivatives, and variants thereof as well as method related thereto for the early diagnostic and treatment of Parkinson's Disease and other Lewy body- and Lewy neurite-based diseases. Assays, kits, systems, and nanoparticle encapsulated compositions related to the antibodies or fragments, derivatives, and variants thereof are also disclosed.

A composition having one or more nanoneedles is provided, where each nanoneedle has a silver tip and one or more of the silver tips comprise an AgCl layer. In one approach, one or more of the silver tips further include a layer of thiol-polyethylene glycol. A method of resistive pulse detection involving a protein pore is also provided. The method involves reconstituting one or more protein pores in a lipid membrane formed on the tip of a nanoneedle, then applying a potential across the membrane and detecting resistive pulses.

Provided are novel specific binding molecules, particularly human antibodies as well as fragments, derivatives and variants thereof that recognize neoepitopes of disease-associated proteins which derive from native endogenous proteins but are prevalent in the body of a patient in a variant form and/or out of their normal physiological context. In addition, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such binding molecules, antibodies and mimics thereof and methods of screening for novel binding molecules, which may or may not be antibodies as well as targets in the treatment of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease are described.