The present invention is directed to an automated ophthalmic aberration measurement by an auto-phoropter. In some embodiments, the present invention features a vision testing system capable of automated calibration. In some embodiments, the system may comprise a phoropter capable of measuring the ophthalmic aberration of an eye, and providing the necessary correction. The phoropter may comprise a wavefront sensor, one or more lenses calibrated using an initial correlation factor, a model eye disposed within the phoropter for internal calibration, and a light redirection component disposed within the phoropter. The light redirection component may be capable of redirecting light into the model eye to determine an optimal correlation factor.

A machine arrangement, for sequentially processing sheet-type substrates, includes a plurality of different processing stations, one of which includes a non-impact printing device that prints the substrates. The processing station, including the non-impact printing device, also includes a printing cylinder, on the circumference of which, the non-impact printing device that prints the substrates is arranged. On the circumferential surface of the printing cylinder, four substrates are or can be placed behind each other in the circumferential direction. Each of the substrates that are to be conveyed are retained in one of a force-locking and a form-fitting manner on the circumferential surface of the printing cylinder by at least one retaining element.

A machine arrangement, for sequentially processing sheet-type substrates, includes a plurality of different processing stations, one of which includes a non-impact printing device that prints the substrates. The processing station, including the non-impact printing device, also includes a printing cylinder, on the circumference of which, the non-impact printing device that prints the substrates is arranged. On the circumferential surface of the printing cylinder, four substrates are or can be placed behind each other in the circumferential direction. Each of the substrates that are to be conveyed are retained in one of a force-locking and a form-fitting manner on the circumferential surface of the printing cylinder by at least one retaining element.

A method for comparing first and second optical lenses such that when a control module receives a selection suggesting the first optical lens for the first time, a suggestion for the second optical lens is selected on a selection screen and no validation symbol is selected on the selection screen; when the control module receives the selection of the suggested second optical lens, the suggested first optical lens is selected on the selection screen and first and second validation symbols is selected on the selection screen, the first symbol indicating that the first and second optical lenses are identical, and the second symbol indicating that the second optical lens is better than the first optical lens; when the control module receives the selection of the suggested first optical lens for the second time or more, the suggested second optical lens is selected on the selection screen.

A method for determining a dioptric parameter includes: first, a test optical element having a dioptric function having a specific value of the dioptric parameter to be determined is provided and the person looks at a visual target using the test optical element; second, evaluation data and certitude data are collected, the evaluation data being indicative of the visual assessment expressed by the person looking at the visual target using the test optical element and certitude data being indicative of the degree of certainty of the person upon expressing the visual assessment. The first and second steps are repeated by varying the value of the dioptric parameter. For each value of the dioptric parameter tested a value a degree of certainty of the person is determined. The value of the dioptric parameter of the person is determined based on the values of degree of certainty of the person.

A method for determining a dioptric parameter includes: first, a test optical element having a dioptric function having a specific value of the dioptric parameter to be determined is provided and the person looks at a visual target using the test optical element; second, evaluation data and certitude data are collected, the evaluation data being indicative of the visual assessment expressed by the person looking at the visual target using the test optical element and certitude data being indicative of the degree of certainty of the person upon expressing the visual assessment. The first and second steps are repeated by varying the value of the dioptric parameter. For each value of the dioptric parameter tested a value a degree of certainty of the person is determined. The value of the dioptric parameter of the person is determined based on the values of degree of certainty of the person.

This eyewear system is provided with a first lens including an optical characteristic variation region in which an optical characteristic varies, a first frame for retaining the first lens, and a second frame for retaining a second lens different from the first lens, the first frame having a first attachment part for attaching the first frame to the second frame, or the second frame having a second attachment part for attaching the second frame to the first frame, so that the first lens and the second lens face each other and the optical characteristic variation region is positioned in the field of view of a subject through the second lens.

Digital eyewear for monitoring, detecting, and predicting, preventing, treating, and training patients to conduct self-care, of migraines/photophobia in real-time. Digital eyewear for similar activity, with respect to negative visual effects, such as from changes in lighting conditions. Digital eyewear maintains information about progress of migraines/photophobia for each patient individually and collectively. Digital eyewear determines whether migraines/photophobia are likely or occurring. Digital eyewear ameliorates and treats migraines/photophobia. Digital eyewear trains the patient to self-care re migraines/photophobia. Digital eyewear receives information from patient and ambient sensors, maintains history of migraines/photophobia and amelioration/treatment, and determines correlations. Patient sensors receive information about patient status. Ambient sensors receive information about ambient environment near the patient. Digital eyewear presents augmented reality and sensory inputs to ameliorate/treat migraines/photophobia, and rewards improvements in self-care. Digital eyewear communicates with remotely maintained and updated data repositories and remote treatment servers, and in coordination with other instances of digital eyewear.

This lens unit comprises: a lens having a liquid crystal lens; a rim part that covers the peripheral edge section of the lens; a control unit that controls the liquid crystal lens; a conductive part that electrically connects the control unit and an electrode end section of the liquid crystal lens which is exposed at the peripheral edge section of the lens, and that is disposed between the rim part and the peripheral edge section of the lens; and a knob part that protrudes from the lens or rim part.

A device for measuring the optical effect of an ophthalmic lens, in particular a spectacle lens, includes a display system, an image acquisition system, and a computer unit. During measurement, the lens is arranged in a measurement volume of the device. The display system displays a test structure and the image acquisition system acquires image data of the test structure from multiple viewpoints using imaging optical paths which pass through the lens. The computer unit determines the three-dimensional shape of the lens on the basis of the image data and calculates an optical effect of the lens on the basis of its three-dimensional shape. A corresponding method and computer program are also disclosed.