A battery saving system (1) for an electrically powered mobility device (13) comprising a battery (15) and a drive control system (16) configured to be powered by the battery, wherein the battery saving system (1) comprises: a current monitoring circuit (3) configured to monitor a load current provided by the battery (15), wherein the current monitoring circuit (3) is configured to determine whether a load current magnitude is below a load current threshold level, a timer circuit (7) having a counter configured to successively count as long as the load current magnitude level is below the load current threshold level, and to reset the counter in the event that the load current level magnitude exceeds the current threshold level, and a disconnecting switch (9) configured to be operated between an open state and a closed state, wherein the timer circuit (7) is configured to trigger the disconnecting switch (9) to obtain the open state when the counter has reached a predetermined number to thereby disconnect the battery (15) from the drive control system (16).

Systems and methods for monitoring and/or protecting state-of-charge of one or more batteries. One method comprises determining, via a controller, location information associated with the battery. The method includes determining, via the controller, one or more battery parameters. The method includes calculating, based on the one or more battery parameters and the location information, a state of charge of the battery. The method includes controlling, via the controller and based on the state of charge, a mode of the battery.

Systems and methods for monitoring and/or protecting state-of-charge of one or more batteries. One method comprises determining, via a controller, location information associated with the battery. The method includes determining, via the controller, one or more battery parameters. The method includes calculating, based on the one or more battery parameters and the location information, a state of charge of the battery. The method includes controlling, via the controller and based on the state of charge, a mode of the battery.

An automated battery testing control system comprising a process controller, an analog controller, a relay controller, and a data processing system. The system may further comprise a charger and load bank controller, or a charger and a load bank itself. The data processing system is configured to record data from battery testing, store, retrieve data, and report data. The system may be used to test battery health and, if needed, identify battery cells eligible for use in a second use application.

A method for estimating a state of charge of a valve regulated lead-acid battery includes; an overcharge amount identification step of identifying an overcharge amount when the lead-acid battery is overcharged after an arbitrary reference time; an open circuit voltage acquisition step of acquiring an open circuit voltage of the lead-acid battery after the reference time; and a state-of-charge estimation step of estimating a state of charge of the lead-acid battery based on the acquired open circuit voltage and a correlation between an open circuit voltage and state of charge in which a rate of change of the state of charge with respect to the open circuit voltage is smaller as the overcharge amount from the reference time until an acquisition time of the open circuit voltage is larger.

A method for estimating a state of charge of a valve regulated lead-acid battery includes; an overcharge amount identification step of identifying an overcharge amount when the lead-acid battery is overcharged after an arbitrary reference time; an open circuit voltage acquisition step of acquiring an open circuit voltage of the lead-acid battery after the reference time; and a state-of-charge estimation step of estimating a state of charge of the lead-acid battery based on the acquired open circuit voltage and a correlation between an open circuit voltage and state of charge in which a rate of change of the state of charge with respect to the open circuit voltage is smaller as the overcharge amount from the reference time until an acquisition time of the open circuit voltage is larger.

An energy storage system includes a lead-acid battery, a battery management unit. The battery management unit defines, based on an open voltage of the lead-acid battery, a first amount of change in a capacity of the lead-acid battery from a reference state, correlating with the open voltage of the lead-acid battery and caused by a first deterioration factor and defines, based on the first amount of change in the capacity and an amount of change in overall internal resistance of the lead-acid battery from the reference state, a second amount of change in a capacity of the lead-acid battery, not correlating with the open voltage and caused by a second deterioration factor. The battery management unit defines, based on the first and second amounts of change in the capacity, at least one of a battery capacity of the lead-acid battery or an amount of change in the battery capacity from the reference state.

A lead acid battery device includes a lead acid battery, a charge control unit to charge the lead acid battery by alternately and repeatedly performing high voltage charging, in which a pulsed high voltage is applied to the lead acid battery, and low voltage charging, in which a low voltage lower than the high voltage is applied to the lead acid battery, and an internal resistance calculation unit to calculate an internal resistance of the lead acid battery based on the voltage difference and the current difference of the lead acid battery between a condition at which the pulsed high voltage is applied and a condition at which the pulsed high voltage is not applied.

A lead acid battery device includes a lead acid battery, a charge control unit to charge the lead acid battery by alternately and repeatedly performing high voltage charging, in which a pulsed high voltage is applied to the lead acid battery, and low voltage charging, in which a low voltage lower than the high voltage is applied to the lead acid battery, and an internal resistance calculation unit to calculate an internal resistance of the lead acid battery based on the voltage difference and the current difference of the lead acid battery between a condition at which the pulsed high voltage is applied and a condition at which the pulsed high voltage is not applied.

The present disclosure relates to apparatuses and methods of providing an ideal diode function to a battery having a protective field effect transistor (FET). An apparatus may include the protective FET configured to selectively connect an external voltage to a battery for charging the battery. The apparatus may also include a controller coupled with a gate of the protective FET via a node and configured to enable the protective FET. The apparatus may further include an override circuit coupled to the node and configured to selectively draw current away from the gate of the protective FET based on the external voltage or to interrupt the path from a controller to a protective FET. The override circuit of the apparatus may provide protection from cross-charging of the battery by a second battery while using the protective FET that is already used for charge/discharge protection.