A device for generating oscillating signals includes an energy transfer device configured to apply an oscillating signal to a sensitive volume, and a resonant tuning circuit including the energy transfer device. The tuning circuit includes a tuning capacitor configured to cause the tuning circuit to resonate at a selected frequency, and an energy storage device. The transmitting device also includes a controller configured to apply a pulse sequence to the tuning circuit having a series of pulses, the energy storage device configured to retain electrical energy at an end of a first pulse, and discharge the electrical energy to the tuning circuit at an onset of a next pulse of the pulse sequence.

To separate porosity from surface roughness, length scales for pore size and surface roughness are identified. These length scales are determined from surface roughness measurements and confirmed via NMR pore body calculations and pore size capillary pressure measurements. A filter removes pore contribution to surface roughness measurements and delivers intrinsic surface roughness. Additional filters and methods determine the minimum magnification on which to base surface roughness calculation, based on size of the field of view and where measured surface roughness approaches intrinsic surface roughness as magnification increases but larger magnification increase sampling time and difficulty. Sample irregularities, such as saw marks, are also filtered out or determined to be too large to remove via filter and another area of measurement is located. With the pore corrected quantification of surface roughness, surface relaxivity and pore distribution can be calculated with greater accuracy.

The invention relates to an NMR system, and more particularly to an NMR measurement unit including a flow channel for separating a sample from a fluid stream in a process channel, a magnet arranged relative to flow channel for creating a magnetic field in part of flow channel, a coil arranged relative to flow channel for exciting NMR active nuclei of the sample in flow channel and for receiving the frequency pulse that returns to coil from NMR active nuclei, a frame comprising a fastening flange for sealing NMR measurement unit to process channel and a chamber that is closed relative to fluid stream and connected to fastening flange, arranged to be installed mainly inside process channel, within which chamber magnet and coil are arranged and through which chamber the flow channel passes, the frame installable such that flow channel is positioned inside process channel.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for closed-loop control of a system using one or more electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) sensors located on-site. With such EPR sensors, a change can be applied to the system, the EPR sensors can measure the effect(s) of the change, and then adjustments can be made in real-time. This feedback process may be repeated continuously to control the system.

Methods and systems are provided that combine NMR and IR spectroscopy measurements on a rock sample to determine data representing at least one property of the rock sample. In one embodiment, cuttings can be split into first and second lots. Results of an NMR measurement performed on the first lot of cuttings without cleaning can be analyzed to determine pore volume of the cuttings. Results of an IR spectroscopy measurement performed on the second lot of cuttings after solvent cleaning can be analyzed to determine matrix density of the cuttings. Porosity can be determined from the pore volume and matrix density of the cuttings. In another embodiment, combined NMR and IR spectroscopy measurements can be performed on an unprepared rock sample (without solvent cleaning) to characterize properties of kerogen in the rock sample and porosity. In another aspect, a method is provided that employs multi-nucleic NMR measurements to determine porosity.

The present invention relates to a separation method comprising: i) providing an aqueous solution comprising a target compound; ii) applying a separation step to the aqueous solution, thereby providing a plurality of fractions of the aqueous solution: iii) determining a concentration parameter indicating a concentration of the target compound in at least part of the fractions; iv) determining a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) parameter by applying an NMR measurement to the fractions, the NMR parameter indicating a nuclear magnetic spin relaxation in said at least part of the fractions; and v) determining a target parameter of said at least part of the fractions based on the concentration parameter and the nuclear magnetic resonance parameter. The present invention further relates to separation systems, uses, preparations, and methods related thereto.

Tools and methods are used to determine the oil, water, and solids volume fractions in a drilling fluid at the rig site. The volume fractions can be determined in-line with returned drilling fluid by using an NMR magnet and a flow line or sample chamber that receives a fluid sample and loads it into the NMR magnet. Using an RF probe, spectrometer, and computing device, data processing and interpretation of NMR data from the spectrometer is performed, while also raising a flag when iron contamination exceeds a predefined threshold.

Disclosed herein is a method of conducting direct detection .sup.1H solid state NMR (“ssNMR”) on a macromolecule-containing solid state formulation. The method includes conducting a .sup.1H spin-lattice relaxation time (“T.sub.1”) experiment on the solid state formulation at various temperatures to generate a T.sub.1 value at each temperature, converting the T.sub.1 values to .sup.1H spin-lattice relaxation rate (“R.sub.1”), and plotting R.sub.1 versus temperature to generate a relaxation rate curve for the solid state formulation. The relaxation rate curve can be analyzed to determine the molecular mobility of the macromolecule in the solid state formulation, the degree of aggregation in the solid state formulation, and/or the stability of the solid state formulation.

Described herein are methods for removing the vibration induced additional signal obtained during downhole NMR operations. The additional signal is removed by analyzing a number of instances of data sets neighbors, at either the raw echo, reconstructed echoes, or the spectrum which results from inversion. A number of neighboring data instances are analyzed together to find the minimal (lowest) common values in each. Thereafter, the minimal value replaces the previous value across the data instances, thereby removing the extra signal.

A method of using the transverse relaxation rate (R.sub.2) of solvent NMR signal to noninvasively assess alum-containing products such as vaccines. This technique can be used for quality control in vaccine manufacturing (e.g., fill-finish step) to determine the evenness of alum filling level as well as extent of alum particle sedimentation in filled and sealed products.