An improved wearable locator has an ultra-low power RF transceiver, GPS receiver, cellular network RF transceiver, processor, programmable non-volatile memory, LCD display, accelerometer and rechargeable battery. To ensure that the locator is within a perimeter, it can cooperate with a subordinate unit that includes an ultra-low power RF transceiver, processor, power supply, DC charging output, rechargeable battery, visual, audible and tactile enunciators and pushbutton, and can be plugged into an outlet or be unplugged and be mobile. Other wireless units can be used to define a perimeter.

A method is provided for integrally specifying a geographic location and an indoor location within a building. When the coordinates of one point on the Earth are given as a geodetic latitude φ, a longitude λ, and an ellipsoidal height h in a geodetic coordinate system based on the Earth ellipsoid, the location of the point is represented with a new coordinates including a Northing N, an Easting E, and selectively a floor representing integer F. The Northing N is given as a linear function of the distance measured along the prime meridian from the latitude-longitude origin to the waypoint, and the Easting is given as a linear function of the distance measured along the parallel of latitude from the waypoint to the ellipsoidal point.

A method is provided for integrally specifying a geographic location and an indoor location within a building. When the coordinates of one point on the Earth are given as a geodetic latitude φ, a longitude λ, and an ellipsoidal height h in a geodetic coordinate system based on the Earth ellipsoid, the location of the point is represented with a new coordinates including a Northing N, an Easting E, and selectively a floor representing integer F. The Northing N is given as a linear function of the distance measured along the prime meridian from the latitude-longitude origin to the waypoint, and the Easting is given as a linear function of the distance measured along the parallel of latitude from the waypoint to the ellipsoidal point.

The disclosure relates to enhancing performance at a device that implements a stand-alone global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver. In particular, a GNSS-enabled mobile device may obtain positioning data from one or more non-satellite sources and determine satellite signal quality in a surrounding environment. As such, in response to determining that the environment surrounding the GNSS-enabled mobile device is a weak satellite signal environment, the GNSS-enabled mobile device may trigger a process to provide the positioning data obtained from the one or more non-satellite sources to the device that implements the stand-alone GNSS receiver such that performance at the device that implements the stand-alone GNSS receiver may be enhanced in poor satellite signal environments.

The disclosure relates to enhancing performance at a device that implements a stand-alone global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver. In particular, a GNSS-enabled mobile device may obtain positioning data from one or more non-satellite sources and determine satellite signal quality in a surrounding environment. As such, in response to determining that the environment surrounding the GNSS-enabled mobile device is a weak satellite signal environment, the GNSS-enabled mobile device may trigger a process to provide the positioning data obtained from the one or more non-satellite sources to the device that implements the stand-alone GNSS receiver such that performance at the device that implements the stand-alone GNSS receiver may be enhanced in poor satellite signal environments.

A receiver for null steering in a navigation or positioning system includes a controlled reception pattern antenna (CRPA) comprising elements, a switch array coupled to the elements of the CRPA, and a receiver circuit. The receiver circuit is configured to receive an incoming radio frequency (RF) satellite signal from the switch array. The receiver circuit is configured to control the switch array to receive digitized samples, wherein each sample is in a respective time interval for each element of the CRPA elements. The receiver circuit is configured to apply a weight value to each sample and sum the samples to provide a null steering beam.

A receiver for null steering in a navigation or positioning system includes a controlled reception pattern antenna (CRPA) comprising elements, a switch array coupled to the elements of the CRPA, and a receiver circuit. The receiver circuit is configured to receive an incoming radio frequency (RF) satellite signal from the switch array. The receiver circuit is configured to control the switch array to receive digitized samples, wherein each sample is in a respective time interval for each element of the CRPA elements. The receiver circuit is configured to apply a weight value to each sample and sum the samples to provide a null steering beam.

A low-earth orbit (LEO) satellite includes a non-atomic clock configured to generate a clock signal, a navigation signal receiving and processing module, and a navigation signal generation and transmission module. The navigation signal receiving and processing module is configured to receive the clock signal from the non-atomic clock, receive first signaling including first timing data generated based on a high precision clock, and generate clock state data based on the clock signal and the first timing data. The navigation signal generation and transmission module is configured to receive the clock signal from the non-atomic clock, generate a navigation message that indicates the clock state data, generate a broadcast carrier signal by utilizing the clock signal, generate a navigation signal based on modulating the navigation message upon the broadcast carrier signal, and broadcast the navigation signal for receipt by at least one client device.

A ballast water treatment operating apparatus includes a ballast water treatment unit for performing a certain treatment of ballast water flowing in from the outside for a ballast operation or performing a certain treatment of ballast water discharged into the outside for a de-ballast operation; a positional information receiving unit for receiving positional information; a control unit for confirming a ship's position by using positional information received from the positional information receiving unit and then determining whether to operate the ballast water treatment unit during a ballast operation or during a de-ballast operation, thereby being capable of preventing an unnecessary energy consumption.

A ballast water treatment operating apparatus includes a ballast water treatment unit for performing a certain treatment of ballast water flowing in from the outside for a ballast operation or performing a certain treatment of ballast water discharged into the outside for a de-ballast operation; a positional information receiving unit for receiving positional information; a control unit for confirming a ship's position by using positional information received from the positional information receiving unit and then determining whether to operate the ballast water treatment unit during a ballast operation or during a de-ballast operation, thereby being capable of preventing an unnecessary energy consumption.