A head up display system presents information to a human driver of a motor vehicle such that the presented information is superimposed on a windshield of the motor vehicle. An image capturing device captures an image of a scene in front of the vehicle that is representative of a background against which the information is presented to the driver. An electronic processor receives signals from the image capturing device indicative of the captured images of the scene in front of the vehicle. The processor determines, based on a color of the presented information and the signals from the image capturing device, whether the presented information is readable by the driver. If it is determined that the presented information is not readable by the driver, then a color of the presented information is changed so as to make the presented information more readable by the driver.

A head up display system presents information to a human driver of a motor vehicle such that the presented information is superimposed on a windshield of the motor vehicle. An image capturing device captures an image of a scene in front of the vehicle that is representative of a background against which the information is presented to the driver. An electronic processor receives signals from the image capturing device indicative of the captured images of the scene in front of the vehicle. The processor determines, based on a color of the presented information and the signals from the image capturing device, whether the presented information is readable by the driver. If it is determined that the presented information is not readable by the driver, then a color of the presented information is changed so as to make the presented information more readable by the driver.

Described are navigational systems for vehicles including modular, field-swappable and field-configurable components and a plurality of operational modes.

A rear axle center (RAC) locating system may include a tractor and a RAC location acquisition unit. The tractor may include a rear axle having a center, a global positioning system (GPS) antenna offset from the rear axle, and inertial measurement units. The RAC location acquisition unit may include a processing unit and a non-transitory computer-readable medium containing instructions to direct the processing unit to determine a geographic location of the GPS antenna based upon signals received by the GPS antenna and determine a geographic location of the center of the rear axle based upon the geographic location of the GPS antenna and combined data from the inertial measurement units.

Provided is a navigation board, a multi-source data fusion method for a navigation board and a transporter. The navigation board includes a printed circuit board, a global navigation satellite system module, an inertial sensor, a processor, and a data interface; the processor is configured to execute a large misalignment angle initialization algorithm, an inertial strapdown solution algorithm, and a multi-source data fusion solution; and a size of the navigation board is smaller than or equal to a size of a standard GNSS board, and the navigation board at least includes the same data interface as a data interface of the standard GNSS board.

Provided is a navigation board, a multi-source data fusion method for a navigation board and a transporter. The navigation board includes a printed circuit board, a global navigation satellite system module, an inertial sensor, a processor, and a data interface; the processor is configured to execute a large misalignment angle initialization algorithm, an inertial strapdown solution algorithm, and a multi-source data fusion solution; and a size of the navigation board is smaller than or equal to a size of a standard GNSS board, and the navigation board at least includes the same data interface as a data interface of the standard GNSS board.

An ultra-wideband ground penetrating radar control system, comprising a synchronous clock generating circuit, a GPS positioning module, a measuring wheel encoder module, a digitally controlled delay circuit for equivalent sampling, an analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) circuit, and a main controller. The synchronous clock generating circuit, the GPS positioning module, the measuring wheel encoder module, the digitally controlled delay circuit and the ADC circuit are all connected to the main controller. The synchronous clock generating circuit is further connected to an external ultra-wideband radar transmitter. The digitally controlled delay circuit is further connected to an external sampling pulse generation circuit for equivalent sampling. The ADC circuit is further connected to an external sampling gate for equivalent sampling. The main controller is further connected to an external server via Ethernet. The volume of an ultra-wideband ground penetrating radar control system is reduced. The connecting cables of the system is simplified. The reliability of the ultra-wideband radar system is improved.

A circuit includes a first wireless radio frequency (RF) transceiver and a time-of-flight estimator included with or coupled to the first wireless RF transceiver. The time-of-flight estimator estimates a time-of-flight between the first wireless RF transceiver and a second wireless RF transceiver using: a first interval value that indicates an amount of time between when the second wireless RF transceiver received the message and when the second wireless RF transceiver transmitted the response; a first error value that indicates an offset between when the second wireless RF transceiver sampled the message and a target sampling point for the message; a second interval value that indicates an amount of time between when the TX chain sent the message and when the RX chain received the response; and a second error value that indicates an offset between when the RX chain sampled the response and a target sampling point for the response.

A circuit includes a first wireless radio frequency (RF) transceiver and a time-of-flight estimator included with or coupled to the first wireless RF transceiver. The time-of-flight estimator estimates a time-of-flight between the first wireless RF transceiver and a second wireless RF transceiver using: a first interval value that indicates an amount of time between when the second wireless RF transceiver received the message and when the second wireless RF transceiver transmitted the response; a first error value that indicates an offset between when the second wireless RF transceiver sampled the message and a target sampling point for the message; a second interval value that indicates an amount of time between when the TX chain sent the message and when the RX chain received the response; and a second error value that indicates an offset between when the RX chain sampled the response and a target sampling point for the response.

An antenna device includes a printed circuit board including a circuit configured to determine a position based on a navigation signal, and a dipole antenna element mounted on the printed circuit board and configured to receive the navigation signal. Further, the antenna device includes an L-shaped parasitic antenna element, wherein the dipole antenna element and a long-side element of the L-shaped parasitic antenna element are placed parallel to each other but at a position not in line with each other, and an end of a short-side element of the L-shaped antenna element is placed in close proximity to an end of the dipole antenna element.