A device may include a sensor window. The sensor window may include a substrate. The sensor window may include a set of layers disposed onto the substrate. The set of layers may include a first subset of layers of a first refractive index and a second set of layers of a second refractive index different from the first refractive index. The set of layers may be associated with a threshold transmissivity in a sensing spectral range, and may be configured to a particular color in a visible spectral range and associated with a threshold opacity in the visible spectral range. The device may include a spectral sensor device aligned to the sensor window and including at least one sensor element to receive light in the sensing spectral range and provide a plurality of sensing functionalities based on at least one measurement of the light in the sensing spectral range.

A method for characterizing a state of an end effector of an ultrasonic device is disclosed. The ultrasonic device including an electromechanical ultrasonic system defined by a predetermined resonant frequency. The electromechanical ultrasonic system further including an ultrasonic transducer coupled to an ultrasonic blade. The method including applying, by an energy source, a power level to the ultrasonic transducer; measuring, by a control circuit coupled to a memory, an impedance value of the ultrasonic transducer; comparing, by the control circuit, the impedance value to a reference impedance value stored in the memory; classifying, by the control circuit, the impedance value based on the comparison; characterizing, by the control circuit, the state of the electromechanical ultrasonic system based on the classification of the impedance value; and adjusting, by the control circuit, the power level applied to the ultrasonic transducer based on the characterization of the state of the end effector.

According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for assessing blood flow regulation performance based on hemodynamics, comprising the steps of: calculating second biometric information corresponding to a time differential of first biometric information on a hemoglobin concentration measured from a cerebral part of a subject; and assessing blood flow regulation performance of the subject with reference to a response that occurs in the second biometric information in correspondence to a change in a posture of the subject.

Methods and systems for facilitating assessment of blood flow in a tissue volume of a subject are disclosed. In some variations, the method may include: after a predetermined amount of a fluorescence agent has been administered to the subject, exciting the fluorescence agent in the tissue volume such that the excited fluorescence agent emits fluorescent light, acquiring fluorescence data based on the fluorescent light emitted during blood flow through the tissue volume, estimating a molar concentration of the fluorescence agent in the blood flowing through the tissue volume, and generating an assessment of blood flow in the tissue volume based at least in part on the fluorescence data and the estimated molar concentration of the fluorescence agent. The estimated molar concentration may be based on the predetermined amount of the fluorescence agent and an estimated circulating blood volume of the subject.

Various surgical systems are disclosed. A surgical system can include a surgical robot and a surgical hub. The surgical robot can include a control unit in signal communication with a control console and a robotic tool. The surgical hub can include a display. The surgical hub can be in signal communication with the control unit. A facility can include a plurality of surgical hubs that communicate data from the surgical robots to a primary server. To alleviate bandwidth competition among the surgical hubs, the surgical hubs can include prioritization protocols for collecting, storing, and/or communicating data to the primary server.

System and computer-implemented method for detecting and categorizing pathologies through an analysis of pulsatile blood flow. The method has a pulsatile blood flow signal of a subject, extracting a set of features from the pulsatile blood flow signal; and categorizing a pathology based on the extracted features. The extracted features may be predetermined features or features learned through a machine learning algorithm. For the categorization, a classification or a regression algorithm may be used to provide an index or a value score as a biomarker. Additional static features of the subject may be used in the categorization.

An apparatus for measuring bio-information may include: a pulse wave sensor comprising at least one pair of light emitters which are disposed apart from each other and a light receiver disposed between the at least one pair of light emitters, and configured to measure a plurality of pulse wave signals from an object by using the light receiver and the at least one pair of light emitters; a force sensor configured to measure a contact force that is applied to the pulse wave sensor by the object; and a processor configured to generate an integrated pulse wave signal by integrating the plurality of pulse wave signals based on the contact force and an area of a contact surface of the pulse wave sensor, and estimate bio-information of the object based on the integrated pulse wave signal.

A monitoring system for monitoring a biological subject including a monitoring device having a housing configured to be attached to or supported by an ear of the subject in use, one or more sensors, the one or more sensors including a photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensor provided in the housing and configured to measure attributes of blood flow within the ear, and a monitoring device processor configured to acquire sensors signals from the one or more sensors and generate sensor data at least partially in accordance with signals from the one or more sensors. A transmitter is provided that transmit the sensor data with one or more processing systems receiving the sensor data, analyzing the sensor data and generating a health state indicator indicative of a health state of the subject.

A medical system for minimally-invasive measurement of blood flow in an artery (AT). An interventional device (IVD) with an optical fiber (FB) comprising a plurality of temperature-sensitive optical sensor segments, e.g. Fiber Bragg Gratings, spatially distributed along its longitudinal extension is configured for insertion into an artery (AT). A temperature changer (TC) is arranged in the WD to introduce a local change in temperature (ΔT) of a bolus of blood in the artery, to allow thermal tracking over time with the optical fiber (FB). A measurement unit (MU) with a laser light source (LS) delivers light to the optical fiber (FB) and receives light reflected from the optical fiber (FB) and generates a corresponding time varying output signal. A first algorithm (A1) translates this time varying output signal into a set of temperatures corresponding to temperatures at respective positions along the optical fiber (FB). A second algorithm (A2) calculates a measure of blood flow (BF) at respective positions along the optical fiber (FB) in accordance with a temporal behavior of said set of temperatures. Such system can be used to quickly scan an artery for diagnosing stenotic regions without the need for pullbacks or injection of toxic liquids. A good spatial resolution of the blood flow measurement can be obtained in real-time.

Provided is a technology capable of accurately measuring biological information with a simple structure. Provided is a biological information measurement device including: a light emitting element that irradiates a living body with light; and a plurality of light receiving elements that receives light scattered in the living body, in which at least one light receiving element has a different area from an area of another light receiving element. Further, provided is a biological information measurement system including: a biological information measurement device including a light emitting element that irradiates a living body with light, and a plurality of light receiving elements that receives light scattered in the living body, in which at least one light receiving element has a different area from an area of another light receiving element; and an analysis device that analyzes biological information on the basis of signals obtained from the light receiving elements.