A medical lead with at least a distal portion thereof implantable in the brain of a patient is described, together with methods and systems for using the lead. The lead is provided with at least two sensing modalities (e.g., two or more sensing modalities for measurements of field potential measurements, neuronal single unit activity, neuronal multi unit activity, optical blood volume, optical blood oxygenation, voltammetry and rheoencephalography). Acquisition of measurements and the lead components and other components for accomplishing a measurement in each modality are also described as are various applications for the multimodal brain sensing lead.

Disclosed is a non-invasive biometric sensor including a light source, an organic photodetector, and a detector. The light source is configured to irradiate light in a desired (and/or alternatively predetermined) wavelength range to a body part. The organic photodetector is configured to sense the light in the desired (and/or alternatively predetermined) wavelength range in response to the light in the desired (and/or alternatively predetermined) range being transmitted through the body part. The detector is configured to determine biomedical information of the body part based on an amount of the light sensed by the organic photodetector.

A sensor, such as a photoplethysmography sensor, for non-invasively monitoring a characteristic of an organism, such as a vital body sign. The sensor has multiple light sources disposed on a substrate and an array of optical probing channels for conveying light from the light sources to a probed region. Each detector pixel of an array of detector pixels receives light from a respective optical detection channel after interaction with a subregion of the probed region and spatial filtering, and generates a corresponding pixel signal. A processor derives a value of the vital body sign based at least upon the plurality of pixel signals

Optoelectronic modules operable to measure proximity independent of object surface reflectivity and, in some implementations, operable to measure characteristics (such as surface reflectivity or absorptivity) of stationary or moving objects are disclosed. The optoelectronic modules are operable to determine, for example, pulse rate, peripheral blood circulation, and/or blood oxygen levels of moving objects, such as the appendage of a user, in some instances. The optoelectronic modules can be used to measure peripheral blood circulation, for example, when a user of the optoelectronic module is engaged in physical activity, such as walking, running or cycling.

A wristband biosensing system, a wristband biosensing apparatus, and a biological sensing method are provided. The system includes a wristband body worn on a wrist of a user, at least one physiological signal sensor, at least one deformation sensor, and a processing device coupled to the physiological signal sensor and the deformation sensor. The physiological signal sensor is disposed on the wristband body at a position corresponding to at least one sensing portion of the wrist to detect a physiological signal of each sensing portion. The deformation sensor is disposed around each physiological signal sensor to detect deformation of each sensing portion and output a deformation signal. The processing device receives the physiological signal and the deformation signal, inquires a compensation signal corresponding to the deformation signal, and corrects the physiological signal by using the compensation signal, so as to output a corrected physiological signal of each sensing portion.

We disclose an improvement for oximeters, which makes oximeters more reliable when making measurements on patients of darker skin complexion. The device of our invention discloses a re-entrant cavity, inside which some of the tissues of the patient are forced into, by pressing the device of our invention against the skin of the patient. The probing electromagnetic radiation beams (typically deep red and infra-red radiation) are directed to propagate through said re-entrant cavity, inside which some of the outer tissues of the patient are forced, along a path that is approximately parallel to, and just under, the skin of the patient. This probed volume inside said re-entrant cavity contains more arterial and less venous blood, when compared with measurements made by perpendicular beams, that penetrate deep under the skin, which causes that the measurements made by our device are more accurate than many existing oximeters.

The invention comprises a method for estimating state of a cardiovascular system, comprising the steps of: providing a cardiac analyzer, comprising: a blood pressure sensor, the blood pressure sensor generating a time-varying pressure state waveform output from a portion of a person; a system processor connected to the blood pressure sensor; and a dynamic state-space model of a cardiovascular system, the system processor receiving cardiovascular input data, from the blood pressure sensor, related to a transient pressure state of the cardiovascular system, where at least one probabilistic model, of the dynamic state-space model, operating on the time-varying pressure state waveform output generates a probability distribution function to a non-pressure state of the cardiovascular system. The probability distribution function is iteratively updated using synchronized updated time-varying pressure state waveform output from the blood pressure sensor and a non-pressure state output related to a cardiovascular system parameter is generated.

A wearable electronic device is disclosed, including: a housing having a front plate disposed facing in a first direction, a rear plate disposed facing in a second direction opposite to the first direction, at least a part of the rear plate substantially transparent, and a side member defining a space between the front plate and the rear plate, a substrate disposed within the space, a biometric sensor module disposed between the substrate and the rear plate including at least one light source configured to emit light to an exterior of the wearable electronic device and at least one light detector configured to receive reflected light corresponding to the emitted light reflected from the exterior, and at least one magnetic substance disposed between the light source and the light detector to limit an amount of light reaching the biometric sensor module other than the reflected emitted light.

A method for measuring and analyzing blood pressure using PPG includes receiving, by a computer, a PPG signal from a finger of a subject, dividing, by the computer, a normalization pulse wave signal derived from the received PPG signal into one or more predetermined windows, extracting, by the computer, a maximum lower amplitude value from one of the respective divided windows, extracting, by the computer, a target feature pattern from the extracted maximum lower amplitude value, deriving, by the computer, a first target unique vector and a second target unique vector with respect to the target feature pattern, using a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) algorithm to display the first target unique vector and the second target unique vector of the target feature pattern on 2-dimensional (2D) graph, and providing, by the computer, a blood pressure state of the subject, using the 2D graph.

A photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensor includes a pixel array that collects light, a pixel sampler that converts the light collected through the pixel array into a plurality of pixel data, an effective area determiner that determines an effective area and a non-effective area of the pixel array based on the pixel data, a power controller that is operable to cut off power to the non-effective area of the pixel array, and a PPG data generator that generates PPG data from pixel data corresponding to the effective area among the pixel data.