The disclosure relates to wavelength-controlled directivity of all-dielectric optical nano-antennas. One example embodiment is an optical nanoantenna for directionally scattering light in a visible or a near-infrared spectral range. The optical nanoantenna includes a substrate. The optical nanoantenna also includes an antenna structure disposed on the substrate. The antenna structure includes a dielectric material having a refractive index that is higher than a refractive index of the substrate and a refractive index of a surrounding medium. The antenna structure includes a structure having two distinct end portions. The antenna structure is asymmetric with respect to at least one mirror reflection in a plane that is orthogonal to a plane of the substrate.

The present disclosure provides engineered surfaces that exhibit reduced specular reflection and gloss while still providing a high intensity of reflected light at multiple incident angles. The structured metal surfaces include engineered topography that increases diffuse reflection, leading to a greater intensity of light perceived at multiple viewing angles. A viewer engaging such surfaces is likely to perceive a stronger ‘white’ reflection of the incident light and an improvement, particularly in orthodontic and other oral applications, of aesthetic appearance. Methods of creating the engineered surfaces and orthodontic articles incorporating the engineered surfaces are also disclosed.

An optical film includes: a light-transmissive matrix having a plate shape; a plurality of first rods having a refractive index different from a refractive index of the light-transmissive matrix and disposed at a first inclination angle in the light-transmissive matrix; and a plurality of second rods having a refractive index different from the refractive index of the light-transmissive matrix and disposed at a second inclination angle in the light-transmissive matrix. The first inclination angle is different from the second inclination angle.

A homogenizing module and a projection apparatus are provided. The homogenizing module is configured to homogenize a beam and includes an anisotropic diffuser and a homogenizer. The anisotropic diffuser is located on a transmission path of the beam. The beam has a first divergence angle in a first direction and a second divergence angle in a second direction after passing through the anisotropic diffuser. The first divergence angle is greater than the second divergence angle. The homogenizer is located on a transmission path of the beam from the anisotropic diffuser, and the homogenizer includes multiple optical elements. The size of any of the multiple optical elements in the first direction is greater than the size thereof in the second direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

A head-up display device includes a light emitting device array, an image formation unit, and an optical member. The light emitting device array includes multiple light emitting devices to emit illumination light and arrayed in a device array direction. The image formation unit forms an image according to illumination of an illumination light and emits the image as a display light. The optical member includes a diverging unit located in an optical path between the light emitting device array and the image formation unit and exerts a diverging action in the device array direction on the illumination light. The diverging unit includes one or more refractive surfaces to refract the illumination light while exerting a diverging action.

According to the present invention, a light guiding laminate including a light guide plate with good visibility and an anisotropic optical film, and a planar light source device including the light guiding laminate and a light source are provided. There are a light guiding laminate including a light guide plate which has: a light emission surface through which light incident from an end face is bent and emitted in a surface direction, and an angle at which emission intensity in the light emission surface is maximum, the angle being 20° to 60° with respect to a perpendicular direction to the light emission surface; and an anisotropic optical film which is laminated directly or via another layer and has diffusibility changing depending on an angle of incident light with respect to the light emission surface, in which an opposite surface which is a surface on an opposite side to the light emission surface of the light guide plate has a plurality of concave or convex structures having a size of 50 μm or less and a height or a depth of 50 μm or less, the anisotropic optical film has a matrix region and a structural region formed of a plurality of structures, and linear transmittance of the anisotropic optical film, which is an amount of transmitted light in a linear direction of light incident on the anisotropic optical film/an amount of incident light, is 30% or less at an angle at which the emission intensity of the light guide plate is maximum, and a planar light source device using the light guiding laminate.

A light emitting structure includes a pixel layer having at least one subpixel, a microlens layer having at least one microlens, the at least one microlens aligned with the at least one subpixel for providing a narrowly-confined on-axis emission profile along an on-axis direction, a first filler material layer and a second filler material layer between the pixel layer and the microlens layer, an interface between the first filler material layer and the second filler material layer configured for reflecting a portion of off-axis emissions from the at least one subpixel by total internal reflection (TIR).

A liquid crystal display apparatus, includes: a light-condensing backlight unit; a liquid crystal panel including a first linear polarizer and a second linear polarizer; a light scattering film facing the second linear polarizer; and a third linear polarizer facing the light scattering film. The light scattering film includes a functional layer including an organic polymer compound and light scattering particles. The functional layer includes a particle layer in which a fraction of 60% by volume to 100% by volume of the light scattering particles included in the functional layer expands along a surface of the particle layer at which the light output from the liquid crystal panel is received, and the particle layer is concentrated to a region having a thickness of 1 to 80% of a total thickness of the functional layer, in a direction perpendicular to the contact surface.

The present disclosure is directed to an illumination device for providing a divergent illumination. The illumination device comprises a light source for emitting light in a visible spectrum; an output aperture, through which the light emitted from the light source exits the illumination device; and a layer structure. The layer structure comprises a scattering layer of a plurality of nanoscale scattering elements embedded in a host material and is positioned in an optical path of the emitted light that extends between the light source and the output aperture. The layer structure comprises further a pair of areal electrical contact layers, wherein the areal electrical contact layers extend at opposite sides of the scattering layer and are electrically connectable with a power source to generate an electric field across the scattering layer. The divergent illumination provided by the illumination device is characterized by at least one luminous intensity distribution curve having the full width at half maximum of at least 10°.

Eyewear including an optical element, a controller, a support structure configured to support the optical element and the controller, light sources coupled to the controller and supported by the support structure, and a diffuser positioned adjacent to the light sources and supported by the support structure, the diffuser including microstructures that diffuse light emitted by the light sources in a radial anisotropic diffusion pattern or a prism-like diffusion pattern.