The present invention addresses the problem of providing a transparent article in which sparkling on an anti-glare surface or other roughened relief surface is suppressed. The transparent article is provided with a transparent substrate, and a roughened relief surface provided to at least one surface of the transparent substrate. The relief surface has a surface roughness Sq of 50 nm or less measured in a spatial period of 20 μm or greater in the transverse direction.

A display device to be attached to an object includes: a display unit that includes a display surface and displays video on the display surface; a decorative layer that is light-transmissive and disposed on a display surface side of the display unit, the decorative layer being decorated according to an appearance of the object; and an intermediate layer that is light-transmissive and disposed between the display unit and the decorative layer. The decorative layer has a first haze value ranging from 28.4% to 86.3%, inclusive.

A light filter (100) includes at least one layer of binder matrix (110) and a multitude of transparent crystals (120). The multitude of transparent crystals (120) are irregularly and laterally dispersed in the at least one layer of binder matrix (110), such that light passing through the light filter (100) is separated into different wavelengths and polarized into different orientations.

A head-up display has a display element, a projection system, a diffusing plate, and a mirror element. In such head-up displays, frequently irritations due to stray light occur. A head-up display that produces less irritation from incident stray light is therefore desirable. The diffusing plate has focusing elements on its side facing the projection system and a light-blocking mask on its side facing away from the projection system.

The object of the present invention is to provide an optical laminate capable of reducing reflectance not only with respect to light incident vertically but also light incident obliquely, and further capable of obtaining a neutral reflected color tone even when light is incident obliquely. The optical laminate includes a base material, an antireflection film provided on one surface of the base material, and a light shielding film provided on the other surface of the base material. The optical laminate satisfies all of the following characteristics (i) to (iii):
0.5<R(λ.sub.1a,θ.sub.1a)/R(λ.sub.1b,θ.sub.1b)<1.5;  (i)
Y(θ.sub.2)≤3%; and  (ii)
Y(θ.sub.3)≤10%;  (iii)
in which R (λ, θ) designates reflectance when light of a wavelength of λ nm is incident at an angle of θ, provided that λ.sub.1a=380 nm, θ.sub.1a=60° and λ.sub.1b=650 nm, θ.sub.1b=60°; and Y (θ) designates luminous reflectance at an incident angle of θ, provided that θ.sub.2=5° and θ.sub.3=60°.

Provided is a solid-state illumination system for use in a microscopy system utilizing a light sensor of a mobile phone camera module. The system includes a bright-field illumination source with an array of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The array of LEDs is configured to produce transmission light within a range of view of the light sensor of the mobile phone camera module. The system also includes a dark-field illumination source including a ring of LEDs. The ring of LEDs is configured to produce light outside of the range of collection of the camera module lens. The system also includes a diffuser configured to diffuse the transmission light and a diffusive black material coupled to the diffuser. The diffusive black material is configured to pass through at least some of the transmission light while blocking reflections of the scattering light.

There is provided a new and improved master manufacturing method, master, and optical body enabling more consistent production of optical bodies having a desired haze value, the master manufacturing method including: forming a first micro concave-convex structure, in which an average cycle of concavities and convexities is less than or equal to visible light wavelengths, on a surface of a base material body that includes at least a base material; forming an inorganic resist layer on the first micro concave-convex structure; forming, on the inorganic resist layer, an organic resist layer including an organic resist and filler particles distributed throughout the organic resist; and etching the organic resist layer and the inorganic resist layer to thereby superimpose and form on the surface of the base material a macro concave-convex structure and a second micro concave-convex structure.

Disclosed are optical systems that vary the refractive index of at least one relatively angled transmissive surface to reduce reflections. Embodiments include at least one optical component with relatively angled surface portions that are transmissive to electromagnetic radiation (EMR). In certain embodiments, an electrically conductive layer reflective to EMR and an anti-reflective coating are proximate the optical component. The anti-reflective coating includes a gradient-index (GRIN) layer with an index of refraction that varies across a length to increase propagation of EMR at a predetermined angle of incidence to prevent reflection of the EMR between the angled transmissive surfaces.

The invention relates to optical instruments, more specifically to electronic diffraction diaphragms, controllable light-adjusting elements and optical filters for objectives, cameras and other optical devices. A device has been developed for adjusting optical devices and changing the intensity, direction and concentration of light rays in optical instruments by creating, in real time or a specified time, variable diffraction stencil patterns (plane-parallel and perpendicular bands, concentric circles and other shapes) on an element of an electronic diaphragm. The electronic diffraction diaphragm device can operate both in a dynamic and in a static operation mode of the element. A device of this kind enhances the capabilities of other optical instruments and cameras and improves or changes the characteristics thereof.

A transparent substrate having an antiglare function includes first and second faces. The transparent substrate has a resolution index value T, a reflected image diffusivity index value R, and a sparkle index value S satisfying T≥0.25, R≥0.8, and 0.75≤S≤0.95, respectively. The resolution index value T is calculated as (luminance of zero-degrees transmission light)/(luminance of total transmission light). The reflected image diffusivity index value R is calculated as (R.sub.2+R.sub.3)/(2×R.sub.1), where R.sub.1 denotes a luminance of reflected light reflected at first angle α.sub.1, and R.sub.2, R.sub.3 denote luminance of reflected light at the second angle α.sub.2, the third angle α.sub.3, respectively, with respect to the first angle α.sub.1. The sparkle index value S is calculated as 1−(S.sub.a/S.sub.s), where the first sparkle S.sub.a and the second sparkle S.sub.s denote a sparkle value of the transparent substrate and a sparkle value of a glass substrate, respectively.