A light beam measurement device includes: a polarization measurement unit including a first measurement beam splitter provided on an optical path of a laser beam and configured to measure a polarization state of the laser beam having been partially reflected by the first measurement beam splitter; a beam profile measurement unit including a second measurement beam splitter provided on the optical path of the laser beam and configured to measure a beam profile of the laser beam having been partially reflected by the second measurement beam splitter; and a laser beam-directional stability measurement unit configured to measure a stability in a traveling direction of the laser beam, while the first measurement beam splitter and the second measurement beam splitter are made of a material containing CaF.sub.2.

A projection arrangement for a head-up display (HUD), includes a composite pane including an outer and inner panes joined to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer and has an HUD region; and an HUD projector directed at the HUD region. The radiation of the projector is at least partially p-polarised, and the composite pane is provided with a reflection coating suitable for reflecting p-polarised radiation. The reflection coating includes n electrically conductive layers based on silver and (n+1) layer modules, wherein the layer modules and the electrically conductive layers are arranged alternatingly such that each electrically conductive layer is arranged between two layer modules, where n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1. At least one of the layer modules is formed as a layer based on a transparent conductive oxide, and the remaining layer modules, if present, are formed as dielectric layers or layer sequences.

A light control film, and light collimating assemblies and liquid crystal displays incorporating such light control films are described. The light control film includes alternating transmissive and absorptive regions, where the refractive index of each transmissive region is greater than the refractive index of each absorptive region. The absorptive regions form interfaces at angles that are close to the perpendicular to the light control film. A portion of the incident light intercepting the absorptive region undergoes Total Internal Reflection, and is transmitted through the film. The axial brightness of light passing through the film is increased, the brightness is more uniform within the viewing angle, and the viewing cutoff angle is sharpened.

The invention relates to a laser scanning system and associated method. In a disclosed arrangement the method comprises using a laser source to produce a laser beam; using a scanning module to scan the laser beam over the surface of a substrate; and using a redirecting unit at a position in a beam path of the laser beam between the scanning module and the substrate to control the direction of incidence of the laser beam onto the substrate, wherein: the laser beam is scanned over a predetermined region on the substrate in such a way that each portion of the region is exposed by the laser beam from a plurality of different directions of incidence.

A radial polarization disk laser, including a pumping source, a collimator lens, a focusing lens, a laser gain medium, a Brewster axial cone, and a output lens, which are sequentially arranged along a laser light path. An angle formed between the conical surface and the bottom surface of said Brewster axial cone is a Brewster's angle. Said laser gain medium is bonded with said bottom surface; said laser gain medium and said output lens form a laser harmonic oscillator cavity therebetween. The pumped laser light emitted by said pumping source passes through said collimator lens and said focusing lens, then is focused on the laser gain medium, and. the generated photons oscillate in said laser harmonic oscillator cavity, and then a radial polarized laser beam is finally output by said output lens.

A lighting apparatus including a light generating device and at least one light wavelength conversion element and also at least one light directing means is provided. The light generating device and the at least one light directing means are configured in such a way that linearly polarized light is generated and directed from different directions to the at least one light wavelength conversion element, such that the linearly polarized light impinges on a surface of the at least one light wavelength conversion element from different directions in each case at an angle of incidence which corresponds to a Brewster angle, wherein the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is parallel to the plane of incidence thereof.

Article comprising a reflective polarizer having a first major surface, and an exposed hardcoat on the first major surface, the hardcoat comprising binder, wherein the hardcoat has a thickness less than 500 nanometers and has a scratch rating of not greater than 1 as determined by the Linear Abrasion Test in the Examples. Articles described herein are useful, for example, for applications benefiting from reflective polarizers having brightness enhancement properties (e.g., use with liquid crystal display (LCD) devices).

The present disclosure provides a substrate treating apparatus. The substrate treating apparatus includes a support unit that supports a substrate, and a laser unit that irradiates a laser beam to the substrate supported by the support unit, the laser unit includes an irradiation member that irradiates the laser beam, a lens disposed on a travel path of the laser beam irradiated by the irradiation member to be rotatable, and a reflection member having an inclined surface for changing the travel path of the laser beam that passed through the lens.

Strontium tetraborate can be used as an optical material. Strontium tetraborate exhibits high refractive indices, high optical damage threshold, and high microhardness. The transmission window of strontium tetraborate covers a very broad range of wavelengths, from 130 nm to 3200 nm, making the material particularly useful at VUV wavelengths. An optical component made of strontium tetraborate can be incorporated in an optical system, such as a semiconductor inspection system, a metrology system, or a lithography system. These optical components may include mirrors, lenses, lens arrays, prisms, beam splitters, windows, lamp cells or Brewster-angle optics.

A long-length circularly polarizing plate including: a polarizing film; a λ/2 plate having a slow axis in a direction forming an angle of 22.5°±10° relative to an absorption axis of the polarizing film; and a plate having a slow axis in a direction forming an angle of 90°±20° relative to an absorption axis of the polarizing film, in this order, wherein the λ/2 plate and the λ/4 plate have different wavelength dispersions, and an NZ factor of the λ/4 plate NZq satisfies NZq≦0.0.