High-performance optical-metasurface-based platform configured with the use of Tantalum Pentoxide to operate with extremely low levels of loss at frequencies of UV light and, in particular, in mid- and near-UV ranges and performing multiple optical-wavefront-shaping functions (among which there are high-numerical-aperture lensing, accelerating beam generation, and hologram projection). Process of fabrication of such metasurface producing near-zero levels of optical loss and employing the otherwise standard etching methodologies. Embodiments facilitate the development of low-form-factor, multifunctional ultraviolet nanophotonic platforms based on flat optical components and enabling diverse applications including lithography, imaging, spectroscopy, and quantum information processing.

Disclosed are polarized films containing specific light filters that block transmission of harmful electromagnetic radiation. Also disclosed are methods of producing said films as well as ophthalmic lenses having increased eye health.

An outdoor image irradiation apparatus (1) includes an image light emission device (3) and a polarizer (4) for image light, and further includes a light attenuation member (5) to attenuate sunlight that comes from outside the outdoor image irradiation apparatus and enters therein. The light attenuation member (5), the polarizer (4) and the image light emission device (3) are sequentially located on an optical path for the sunlight.

Methods for fabricating thin, high-aspect-ratio Ge nanostructures from high-quality, single-crystalline Ge substrates are provided. Also provided are grating structures made using the methods. The methods utilize a thin layer of graphene between a surface of a Ge substrate, and an overlying resist layer. The graphene passivates the surface, preventing the formation of water-soluble native Ge oxides that can result in the lift-off of the resist during the development of the resist.

It would be advantageous to improve polarizer high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, optical properties, and etchability. Composite polarizer materials can be used to achieve this. A polarizer can comprise polarization structures configured for polarization of light. The polarization structures can include a reflective rib, the reflective rib being a composite of two different elements. The polarization structures can include an absorptive rib, the absorptive rib being a composite of two different elements. The polarizer can include a transparent layer, the transparent layer being a composite of two different elements.

A reflective wire grid polarizer (WGP) can include an array of wires 12 on a face of a substrate 11, with channels 15 between adjacent wires 12. The wires 12 can have certain characteristics for WGP performance, such as index of refraction, alternating high/low index continuous thin films, thickness of layer(s), duty cycle, reflective rib shape, a curved side of transparent ribs 21 or 32, aspect ratio, or combinations thereof.

Each wire of a wire grid polarizer (WGP) can include the following layers moving outwards from the substrate: a high-index-layer, a low-index-layer, and a reflective-layer. Each wire can have a distal-end, farthest from the substrate, with a convex shape. These layers and the convex shape can be combined for a more stable and improved Rs.

An active energy ray-curable adhesive composition containing active energy ray-curable compounds (A), (B), and (C) as curable components, wherein the active energy ray-curable adhesive composition contains 0.0% by weight to 4.0% by weight of an active energy ray-curable compound (A) having an SP value of 29.0 (MJ/m.sup.3).sup.1/2 to 32.0 (MJ/m.sup.3).sup.1/2, 5.0% by weight to 98.0% by weight of an active energy ray-curable compound (B) having the SP value of 18.0 (MJ/m.sup.3).sup.1/2 to 21.0 (MJ/m.sup.3).sup.1/2 (exclusive of 21.0 (MJ/m.sup.3).sup.1/2), and 5.0% by weight to 98.0% by weight of an active energy ray-curable compound (C) having the SP value of 21.0 (MJ/m.sup.3).sup.1/2 to 26.0 (MJ/m.sup.3).sup.1/2 on a basis of 100% by weight of a total amount of the composition.

The optical film according to the present invention uses polymethylmethacrylate that does not comprise cyclic monomers, but has excellent dimensional stability and optical properties, and thus, can be usefully used as a protection film of a polarization plate.

It is possible to cause a display device to achieve an increased light transmittance for light to reach an imaging element. A display device having a see-through panel structure includes: a display panel; a protection plate provided on a front side of the display panel; an imaging element provided on a back side of the display panel; a second polarizer provided between the display panel and the protection plate; and a transparent material with which a hole passing through the second polarizer is filled.