A rotational geometric phase hologram has geometric phase optical elements (GPOEs) serially cascaded along a common optical axis to form a GPOE cascade used for receiving a linearly-polarized light beam and generating output light beams at an exit surface of the last GPOE. Interference occurred in the output light beams creates a polarization interference pattern on the exit surface. A photoalignment substrate, when positioned in close proximity to the exit surface, records the pattern. Advantageously, each GPOE is rotatable about the common optical axis. Respective rotation angles of the GPOEs are determined according to a spatially-varying linear polarization orientation distribution selected to be generated for the polarization interference pattern. Particularly, the respective rotation angles are reconfigurable to provide the periodicity required for the spatially-varying linear polarization orientation distribution over a range of allowed periodicities while keeping the periodicity of spatially-varying optic axis orientation distribution of each GPOE to be fixed.

A polarization filter includes a multilayer structure including a first plurality of elements and a second plurality of elements alternating between each other. The first plurality of elements and the second plurality of elements have different thicknesses, and the multilayer structure is configured to interact with unpolarized light incident on the multilayer structure and separate transverse electric (TE) waves and transverse magnetic (TM) waves of the unpolarized light.

The present disclosure relates to a waveplate having a substrate forming an optic. The substrate may have an integral portion forming a plurality of angled columnar features on an exposed surface thereof. The plurality of angled columnar features may further be aligned parallel with a directional plane formed non-parallel to a reference plane, with the reference plane being normal to a surface of the substrate. The metasurface forms a birefringent metasurface.

Provided is a circularly polarizing plate and a display device that includes the circularly polarizing plate. The circularly polarizing plate can be applied to a display device such as an organic light emitting display device to minimize blocking of light in the visible light region affecting image quality while blocking harmful ultraviolet rays appropriately and also has excellent durability.

Provided are a polarizing plate for a light emitting display device and the light emitting display device including same, the polarizing plate for a light emitting display device having a first adhesive film, a second protective layer, a polarizer, and a first protective layer sequentially laminated therein. The polarizing plate includes a UV absorber; and an as value of the polarizing plate is about 2.0 to about 20.0, and a bs value of the polarizing plate is about 3.0 to about 30.0.

An optical system for producing electromagnetic radiation with localized increases in irradiance or radiance at the system output includes a first optical mask containing localized regions for producing controlled modifications of phase delays and/or amplitude attenuations and located within the input plane of said optical system. The system also includes at least a single optical component with positive optical power located after the input plane and at least one additional optical mask located after the optical component at non-conjugate locations with respect to the input plane of the system. The additional optical mask contains localized regions for producing controlled modifications of phase delays. Locally increased radiation distributions are produced at the system output.

A polarization filter includes a multilayer structure including a first plurality of elements and a second plurality of elements alternating between each other. The first plurality of elements and the second plurality of elements have different thicknesses, and the multilayer structure is configured to interact with unpolarized light incident on the multilayer structure and separate transverse electric (TE) waves and transverse magnetic (TM) waves of the unpolarized light.

A rotational geometric phase hologram has geometric phase optical elements (GPOEs) serially cascaded along a common optical axis to form a GPOE cascade used for receiving a linearly-polarized light beam and generating output light beams at an exit surface of the last GPOE. Interference occurred in the output light beams creates a polarization interference pattern on the exit surface. A photoalignment substrate, when positioned in close proximity to the exit surface, records the pattern. Advantageously, each GPOE is rotatable about the common optical axis. Respective rotation angles of the GPOEs are determined according to a spatially-varying linear polarization orientation distribution selected to be generated for the polarization interference pattern. Particularly, the respective rotation angles are reconfigurable to provide the periodicity required for the spatially-varying linear polarization orientation distribution over a range of allowed periodicities while keeping the periodicity of spatially-varying optic axis orientation distribution of each GPOE to be fixed.

An extreme ultraviolet light generation apparatus may include a target supply unit supplying a target to a plasma generation region in a chamber, a laser system emitting first laser light having a polarization direction deflected in one direction and second laser light to generate a secondary target that is the target diffused by irradiating the target with the first laser light from a direction perpendicular to a travel axis of the target and to generate extreme ultraviolet light by irradiating the secondary target with the second laser light, a polarization direction adjustment unit arranged on an optical path of the first laser light and configured to adjust the polarization direction of the first laser light, a secondary target observation unit configured to observe a distribution of the secondary target, and a processor controlling the polarization direction adjustment unit based on an observation result of the secondary target observation unit.

A monolithic optical retarder formed from a monolithic prism may include an input face for receiving a light beam, an output face aligned with an optical axis of the light beam prior to entering the input face, and three or more reflection faces. The three or more reflection faces may be oriented to provide an optical path for the light beam from the input face to the output face via reflection by the three or more reflection faces, where the monolithic optical retarder imparts a selected optical retardation on the light beam based on total internal reflection on at least one of the reflection faces. Further, the input face, the output face, and the three or more reflection faces may be oriented such that an optical axis of the light beam exiting the output face is equal to the optical axis of the light beam entering the input face.