In an optical waveguide element, an optical waveguide is formed on a substrate, the optical waveguide has a main waveguide that propagates signal light, a waveguide for unnecessary light that guides unnecessary light released from the main waveguide, and a waveguide for collecting unnecessary light to which the unnecessary light emitted from the waveguide for unnecessary light is introduced, the waveguide for unnecessary light is connected to the waveguide for collecting unnecessary light via a waveguide for connection, and a width of the waveguide for connection, which is a width in a direction that perpendicularly intersects a propagation direction of the unnecessary light, at a portion connected to the waveguide for collecting unnecessary light is set to be wider than a width at a portion connected to the waveguide for unnecessary light with the waveguide for connection.

In one aspect, a hyperspectral image measurement device is provided to include: a main body; an illumination module disposed in the main body and including LEDs having different peak wavelengths to irradiate light to a subject; a camera disposed on the main body and receiving light reflected from the subject to acquire an image of the subject; a barrel having a contact surface contacting the subject, the contact surface located to be spaced apart from the illumination module and the camera module by a predetermined distance; and a reference cover located on the contact surface and including a standard reflection layer for reflecting light irradiated from the illumination module toward the camera module.

Luminaires are described herein employing waveguides and associated architectures for dynamic alteration of illuminance distribution patterns. In one aspect, a luminaire described herein comprises a waveguide body and light sources having differing angular positions relative to the waveguide body for altering illuminance distribution patterns of the luminaire according to one or more activation patterns of the light sources. The differing angular positions can be located at the perimeter of the waveguide body and/or at one or more internal locations of the waveguide body.

There is provided an opto-electric hybrid board with slight or no warpage. An opto-electric hybrid board according to the present disclosure includes an electric circuit board and an optical waveguide formed in a stacked manner on one surface of the electric circuit board. The optical waveguide includes an under cladding layer, cores for an optical path formed on a front surface of the under cladding layer, and over cladding layer formed on the front surface of the under cladding layer so as to cover the cores. A groove for prevention of warpage which has a bottom positioned below a top surface of the cores is formed at least in a front surface portion of the over cladding layer.

Optical integrated circuits are provided. An optical integrated circuit includes a substrate including a single crystalline semiconductor material. The optical integrated circuit includes an insulation region in a trench in the substrate. The optical integrated circuit includes a first core on the insulation region. The first core includes the single crystalline semiconductor material. Moreover, the optical integrated circuit includes a second core that is spaced apart from the first core. The second core includes a material having a refractive index that is lower than that of the first core.

In an optical waveguide element, an optical waveguide is formed on a substrate, the optical waveguide has a main waveguide that propagates signal light, a waveguide for unnecessary light that guides unnecessary light released from the main waveguide, and a waveguide for collecting unnecessary light to which the unnecessary light emitted from the waveguide for unnecessary light is introduced, the waveguide for unnecessary light is connected to the waveguide for collecting unnecessary light via a waveguide for connection, and a width of the waveguide for connection, which is a width in a direction that perpendicularly intersects a propagation direction of the unnecessary light, at a portion connected to the waveguide for collecting unnecessary light is set to be wider than a width at a portion connected to the waveguide for unnecessary light with the waveguide for connection.

A luminaire includes a first waveguide having a first primary light emitting surface directed in a first direction and a first secondary light emitting surface directed in a second direction. A second waveguide having a second primary light emitting surface directed in the second direction and a second secondary light emitting surface directed in the first direction. A first plurality of LEDs are optically coupled to the first waveguide and a second plurality of LEDs are optically coupled to the second waveguide. The first and second waveguides are independently operable. The first and second plurality of LEDs may comprise LED groups where each of the LED groups are independently controllable. The light emission pattern and light properties of the emitted light are controllable.

An object of the present invention is to reduce the manufacturing cost of a semiconductor device. A semiconductor device includes a SOI substrate that has an optical waveguide including a semiconductor layer. The optical waveguide is covered with an interlayer insulating film. Wiring parts are formed on the interlayer insulating film. Moreover, a thin film part having a smaller thickness than the wiring parts is formed above the optical waveguide and is integrated with the wiring parts.

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a microring resonator control method and apparatus. The method includes: receiving an instruction, where the instruction is used to configure an operating wavelength of a microring resonator; determining whether the operating wavelength of the microring resonator is less than or equal to a center wavelength of a channel spectrum; and when the operating wavelength of the microring resonator is less than or equal to the center wavelength of the channel spectrum, configuring thermode power of the microring resonator based on a spacing between the operating wavelength and a first wavelength; or when the operating wavelength of the microring resonator is greater than the center wavelength of the channel spectrum, configuring thermode power of the microring resonator based on a spacing between the operating wavelength and a second wavelength.

A method for fabricating an optical waveguide crossing structure. The method includes preparing a plate structure including a crossing part array and a guiding part array, each crossing part of the crossing part array being arranged at a gap from a plurality of guiding parts of the guiding part array. The method further includes preparing a waveguide structure including a first waveguide core array, a second waveguide core array and a tank, the tank being formed by removing a crossing region of the first waveguide core array and the second waveguide core array. The method further includes injecting an underfill into the tank. The method further includes depositing the plate structure on the waveguide structure so that the crossing part array and the guiding part array are inserted in the tank. The method further includes curing the underfill.