Nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS) devices that utilize thin electrically conductive membranes, which can be, for example, graphene membranes. The membrane-based NEMS devices can be used as sensors, electrical relays, adjustable angle mirror devices, variable impedance devices, and devices performing other functions.

Disclosed is a thin film characteristic measuring apparatus, which is used for measuring the thickness or width of a thin film of an object to be examined. The thin film characteristic measuring apparatus comprises a light source, a first reflecting mirror, a first actuator and a lens assembly. The lens assembly is formed so that the angle formed by an optical axis and a chief ray of the rays transmitted through the lens assembly is less than or equal to the angle formed by the optical axis and a chief ray of the rays incident to the lens assembly. The light source can comprise superluminescent diodes (SLD). Provided is the thin film characteristic measuring apparatus, which enables the light transmitted through the lens assembly to reciprocate on an incident surface of the object to be examined while the first reflecting mirror repeatedly tilts within a predetermined angle range, and thus can accurately measure a relatively large area and can variously control a position to be measured, a method and the like.

In certain embodiments, a gimbal assembly includes an enclosure, a window, and a pivot assembly. The enclosure is centered on a first axis and the window is coupled to the enclosure. The pivot assembly is coupled to an interior portion of the enclosure and configured to pivot within the enclosure about a second axis, the second axis being perpendicular to the first axis. The pivot assembly includes a base portion, a mirror coupled at an angle to the base portion and configured to reflect light received through the window, and a sensor configured to receive the light reflected by the mirror. The pivot assembly is further configured to move within the enclosure in a direction that is perpendicular to the first axis and rotate about the first axis.

A cosmetic mirror, includes a supporting frame, a mirror body, and a power-on mechanism. At least one light source component is disposed in the mirror body, and the mirror body is connected with the supporting frame. The mirror body includes N mirror surfaces, N is a number greater than or equal to one, each of the mirror surfaces includes a light transmitting region, and each of the light source components is disposed in the mirror body and corresponds to the mirror surfaces in a one-to-one manner. The power-on mechanism includes a power-on fixing assembly and a power-on movable assembly. When any one of the mirror surfaces is rotated to a front side, one of the light source components with respect to the one of the mirror surfaces rotated to the front side of the cosmetic mirror is lightened, and the remaining light source components are turned off.

A rotary structure module applied to a head-up display device includes a curved mirror assembly, at least one bracket and a driving element. The curved mirror assembly has a rotation axis, and includes a curved mirror, a fixing frame, a rotating shaft and a counterweight. The rotation axis corresponds to the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is passed through the fixing frame. The curved mirror and the counterweight are respectively fixed on two opposite sides of the fixing frame and located on two sides of the rotating shaft, so that the center of gravity of the curved mirror assembly is overlapped with the rotating axis. The bracket is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the driving element drives the curved mirror assembly, so that the curved mirror rotates around the rotating shaft as the rotation axis.

This rotary drive apparatus includes a stationary portion including a stator; and a rotating portion supported through a bearing portion to be rotatable about a central axis extending in a vertical direction with respect to the stationary portion, the rotating portion including a magnet arranged opposite to the stator. The bearing portion includes an upper bearing portion, and a lower bearing portion arranged below the upper bearing portion. A center of gravity of the rotating portion is located below an upper end of the upper bearing portion and above a lower end of the lower bearing portion.

The invention relates to a heliostat sub-assembly and to a method of forming such a sub-assembly. The method of mounting a concave mirror to a supporting structure of a heliostat includes the steps of bonding a plurality of risers at predetermined spaced intervals to a rear face of the mirror, each riser having a bonding pad and a stem extending from the bonding pad, and applying a predetermined concave curvature to the mirror by conforming the front face of the mirror with a convex forming jig or die. The supporting structure and curved mirror are then aligned, and the supporting structure is clinched to the stems of the risers when the curved mirror is conformed with the forming die. The riser stems may be coupled to the bonding pads via multi-axial joint assemblies to enable limited multi-pivotal movement of the stems relative to the bonding pads to facilitate alignment of faces of the stems with the faces of the ribs defined by webs, and relative expansion and contraction of the mirror and supporting structure, the overlap between the riser stems and the webs being sufficient to accommodate clinching with variations in curvature of the glass sheet.

The invention relates to a head-up display (1) comprising: a reflecting mirror (9) held by a mirror holder (15) articulated about a pivoting axis (17); and a motor-driven system (31) for pivotably moving said reflecting mirror (9), comprising a motor unit (33), characterised in that the motor-driven system (31) comprises a connecting rod (35) extending in a direction perpendicular to the pivoting axis (17), the first end portion (35) of said connecting rod being engaged with the mirror holder (15) in an articulated manner, and a second end portion (39) thereof, opposite the first (37), being engaged with a rotary output body (47, 49) of the motor unit (33).

An optical device formed of a mirror wafer, a cap wafer, and a glass wafer. The mirror wafer includes a first layer of electrically conductive material, a second layer of electrically conductive material, and a third layer of electrically insulating material between the first layer and the second layer. A mirror element is formed of the second layer of the mirror wafer, and has a reflective surface in the bottom of a cavity opened into at least the first layer. A good optical quality planar glass wafer can be used to enclose the mirror element when the mirror wafer, cap wafer, and glass wafer are bonded to each other.

An opto-mechanical apparatus including a hollow housing member having a first end and a second end, the housing member having a longitudinal axis, a parabolic mirror positioned on a side of to the first end of the housing member, and a mirror adjustment mechanism attached to the second end of the housing member, the mirror adjustment mechanism connected to the parabolic mirror through the housing member, the mirror adjustment mechanism configured to adjust an axial position of the parabolic mirror along the longitudinal axis and to adjust a radial position of the parabolic mirror about the longitudinal axis.