An apparatus for emitting a field comprising a a core, a conductive winding with a first end, a second end, and an intermediate portion, where the conductive winding surrounds a portion of the core and is wound about a winding axis, a protrusion for aligning the apparatus where the protrusion is parallel with the winding axis, and a conductive connector extending from the conductive winding, wherein the conductive connector is electrically coupled with the conductive winding at the intermediate portion.

Provided herein are systems and methods for performing localization within a patient. A method of localization within a body comprises providing at least one processor coupled to at least one data storage device, establishing and calibrating a localization coordinate system within a body by executing a first localization mode by the at least one processor, recalibrating the localization coordinate system by executing a second localization mode by the at least one processor, and localizing a device within the localization coordinate system using the first localization mode and the second localization mode, by the at least one processor. The first localization mode can be an impedance-based localization mode and the second localization mode can be magnetic-based localization mode, or vice versa.

A guidance system utilizes ultrasound imaging or other suitable imaging technology. In one embodiment, the guidance system includes an imaging device including a probe for producing an image of an internal body portion target, such as a vessel. One or more sensors may be associated with the probe. The system may include a medical device, such as a needle, separate from the probe, the medical device having a magnetic field associated therewith. The system may include a processor that uses data relating to the magnetic field sensed by the one or more sensors to determine a position and/or orientation of the medical device. The system may also include a display that shows an image of the internal body portion target taken by the ultrasound imaging probe and a depiction of the medical device positioned and/or oriented with respect to the image.

A method comprising: comparing each value of measured signals with a plurality of model tooth position measurement data groups, and storing the measured signal values and an indication value at the time when a fluctuation of the indication value which indicates a distance from a root apex position to a distal end of an electrode for position detection shows an apex in a convex shape, the indication value being indicated by a model tooth position measurement data group in a predetermined relationship; and comparing second-time measured signal values and an indication value with the stored first-time measured signal values and the stored indication value, respectively, if at least two of them correspond or fall within a predetermined error range, stopping the electrode and measuring a position of the distal end of the electrode.

A device and system for providing mapping and treatment capabilities without increasing stiffness of the device. An embodiment of a device may include a flexible elongate body and at least one mapping element on the distal portion of the elongate body. Each mapping element may be an area of thermally conductive material, such as metallic nanoparticles, that is embedded within, integrated with, or deposited on the elongate body. The flexibility of the areas of thermally conductive material is at least substantially the same as that of the elongate body so the device may include many electrodes without compromising flexibility and maneuverability of the device. Alternatively, the device may include a treatment element coupled to the elongate body, such as a balloon. The mapping elements may be embedded within, integrated with, or deposited on the balloon and may have at least substantially the same flexibility as that of the balloon.

A system and method for determining the location of an implant such as a cochlear implant relative to a structure of interest such as a tissue wall. The implant has an electrode array including a first electrode and a second electrode. The electrode array is insertable into an electrically-conductive volume relative to the inner wall of the scala tympani of the cochlea. A pulse generator generates a biphasic, constant-current pulse on the first and second electrodes. A controller measures the differential voltage across the pair of electrodes during the current pulse. The controller determines the proximity between the inner wall and the segment of the electrode array between the first and second electrodes based on the differential voltage between the first and second electrodes.

There is provided a method of displaying a pre-acquired three dimensional (3D) image of at least a portion of an organ of a patient, the method comprising: receiving a plurality of electrical readings, each from a different electrode mounted on a catheter inside the portion of the organ of the patient, wherein the electrodes are mounted on the catheter at known distances from each other, transforming the plurality of electrical readings to a corresponding plurality of image points using a mapping transformation that transforms each electrical reading of the catheter from inside the portion of the organ of the patient to an anatomically corresponding image point in the 3D image based on the known distances, and displaying the 3D image with a marking of at least one of the plurality of image points.

In one embodiment, a method to find tissue proximity indications includes inserting a catheter into a body part of a living subject such that electrodes of the catheter contact tissue at respective locations within the body part, receiving signals provided by the electrodes, selectively rewarding and penalizing a reinforcement learning agent over reinforcement learning exploration phases to learn at least one tissue proximity policy responsively to at least one of the received signals, applying the reinforcement learning agent in reinforcement learning exploitation phases to find respective tissue-proximity actions to be taken that maximize respective expected rewards responsively to the at least one tissue proximity policy, and providing respective derived tissue-proximity indications of proximity of a given one of the electrodes with the tissue responsively to the found respective tissue-proximity actions.

Systems and methods for facilitating processing of cardiac information based on sensed electrical signals include a processing unit configured to receive a set of electrical signals; receive an indication of a measurement location corresponding to each electrical signal of the set of electrical signals; and generate, based on at least one of an annotation waveform corresponding to each electrical signal of the set of electrical signals and a set of annotation mapping values, an annotation histogram.

A system and method are provided to set an automatic window of interest based on learning data analysis. The system and method include a determination engine executed by a processor. The system and method include capturing catheter channel data from electrophysical studies and evaluating the catheter channel data using a machine learning tool to learn window of interest settings used within the electrophysical studies. The system and method further include automatically setting a window of interest for a mapping procedure based on the window of interest settings.