A zoom optical system includes a plurality of lens units, the plurality of lens units consist of lens units having a positive refractive power and lens units having a negative refractive power, and the lens units having a positive refractive power include a positive lens unit and an image-side positive lens unit, the image-side positive lens unit is not moved, in the lens plurality of units, a space between the lens units disposed adjacently is changed at a time of zooming, at a time of focusing, or at a time of zooming and at a time of focusing, the positive lens unit includes a predetermined positive lens satisfying the following Conditional Expression (2), and the following Conditional Expression (1) is satisfied:

0.1≦fGBUN1/fGPM≦2.1  (1), and

60.8≦νdGPMP1≦100.0  (2).

A zoom lens including, in order from an object side: a positive first lens unit that does not move for zooming; a negative second lens unit that moves during the zooming; a negative third lens unit that moves along a locus convex to the object side during the zooming; an aperture stop; and a positive fourth lens unit that does not move for the zooming. The third lens unit includes a cemented lens formed by cementing a single negative lens and a single positive lens and a single negative lens. A focal length (fn1) of the single negative lens included in the cemented lens, a focal length (fp) of the single positive lens included in the cemented lens, and a lateral magnification (β3w) of the third lens unit at a wide angle end are each appropriately set.

A zoom lens including, in order from an object side: a positive first lens unit that does not move for zooming; a negative second lens unit that moves during the zooming; a negative third lens unit that moves along a locus convex to the object side during the zooming; an aperture stop; and a positive fourth lens unit that does not move for the zooming. The third lens unit includes a cemented lens formed by cementing a single negative lens and a single positive lens and a single negative lens. A focal length (fn1) of the single negative lens included in the cemented lens, a focal length (fp) of the single positive lens included in the cemented lens, and a lateral magnification (β3w) of the third lens unit at a wide angle end are each appropriately set.

An image capturing lens system includes four lens groups which include eight lens elements. The four lens groups are, in order from an object side to an image side: first, second, third and fourth lens groups. The eight lens elements are, in order from the object side to the image side: first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth lens elements. The first and second lens elements respectively have positive and negative refractive power. At least one lens element in the second through fourth lens groups has an inflection point. A focal length of the image capturing lens system is varied by changing axial distances between the four lens groups in a zooming process. The second lens group is moved relative to the first lens group along an optical axis in the zooming process. The image capturing lens system has a long-focal-length end and a short-focal-length end.

An ophthalmic surgical microscope includes a beam coupler positioned along an optical path of the surgical microscope between a first eyepiece and magnifying/focusing optics, the beam coupler operable to direct the OCT imaging beam along a first portion of the optical path of the surgical microscope between the beam coupler and a patient's eye (an OCT image being generated based on a reflected portion of the OCT imaging beam). The surgical microscope additionally includes a real-time data projection unit operable to project the OCT image generated by the OCT system and a beam splitter positioned along the optical path of the surgical microscope between a second eyepiece and the magnifying/focusing optics. The beam splitter is operable to direct the projected OCT image along a second portion of the optical path of the surgical microscope between the beam splitter and the second eyepiece such that the projected OCT image is viewable through the second eyepiece.

An ophthalmic surgical microscope includes a beam coupler positioned along an optical path of the surgical microscope between a first eyepiece and magnifying/focusing optics, the beam coupler operable to direct the OCT imaging beam along a first portion of the optical path of the surgical microscope between the beam coupler and a patient's eye (an OCT image being generated based on a reflected portion of the OCT imaging beam). The surgical microscope additionally includes a real-time data projection unit operable to project the OCT image generated by the OCT system and a beam splitter positioned along the optical path of the surgical microscope between a second eyepiece and the magnifying/focusing optics. The beam splitter is operable to direct the projected OCT image along a second portion of the optical path of the surgical microscope between the beam splitter and the second eyepiece such that the projected OCT image is viewable through the second eyepiece.

This optical system (OL) comprises, in order from the object side along the optical axis, a front group (GA), a diaphragm (S), and a rear group (GB). The rear group (GB) has a first focusing lens group (GF1) that has a negative refractive power and is positioned furthest toward the object side in the rear group (GB), and a second focusing lens group (GF2) that has a negative refractive power and is positioned closer to the image-surface side than the first focusing lens group (GF1). The first focusing lens group (GF1) and the second focusing lens group (GF2) move in respectively different trajectories toward the image-surface side along the optical axis during focusing from an object at infinity to a close-distance object.

This optical system (OL) comprises, in order from the object side along the optical axis, a front group (GA), a diaphragm (S), and a rear group (GB). The rear group (GB) has a first focusing lens group (GF1) that has a negative refractive power and is positioned furthest toward the object side in the rear group (GB), and a second focusing lens group (GF2) that has a negative refractive power and is positioned closer to the image-surface side than the first focusing lens group (GF1). The first focusing lens group (GF1) and the second focusing lens group (GF2) move in respectively different trajectories toward the image-surface side along the optical axis during focusing from an object at infinity to a close-distance object.

A zoom lens includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens unit having a positive refractive power, a plurality of zooming lens units configured to move along an optical axis in zooming and including a lens unit having a negative refractive power, and a final lens unit having a positive refractive power. A distance between each pair of adjacent lens units changes in zooming. The first lens unit includes, in order from the object side to the image side, a first subunit having a negative refractive power, a second subunit having a negative refractive power, and at least one subsequent subunit, a distance between each pair of adjacent subunits changing for focusing. The second subunit is configured to move along the optical axis for focusing. A predetermined condition is satisfied.

Provided is a zoom lens including, in order from an object side: a positive first unit not moving for zooming; one or two moving units move for zooming and including a negative unit; a negative unit moving for zooming; a positive unit including a stop and moving for zooming; and a positive final unit not moving for zooming. The distances on the optical axis, from surface, closest to the object side, of the first unit to a surface, closest to an image side, of the first unit, from the surface, closest to the object side, of the first unit to the stop at the wide angle end, from the surface, closest to the image side, of the first unit to the stop at the wide angle end, and the maximum distance from the surface, closest to the image side, of the first unit to the stop are appropriately set.