Systems, devices, and methods for eyebox expansion in wearable heads-up displays (“WHUDs”) are described. The WHUDs described herein each include a projector and an optical waveguide positioned in an optical path between the projector and an eye of the user. For any given light signal from the projector, the optical waveguide receives the light signal at an input coupler and outputs multiple instances or copies of the light signal from multiple discrete, spatially-separated output couplers. The multiple instances or copies of the light signal may be converged by the optical waveguide directly to respective exit pupils at the user's eye or may be routed by the optical waveguide to a holographic combiner in the user's field of view from which the light signals may be converged to respective exit pupils at the user's eye. The optical waveguide employs exit pupil replication to expand the eyebox of the WHUD.

An optical system, including a reflective polarizer, and a display and a mirror disposed on a same side of, and generally facing, the reflective polarizer. The reflective polarizer may transmit at least 80% of incident light having a first polarization state and may reflect at least 80% of incident light having a second polarization state, and the mirror may reflect at least 80% of the incident light for each of the first and second polarization states. The central locations of the display, reflective polarizer, and mirror may define a midplane which includes first, second, and third regions, such that the first region includes portions of the image rays that pass at least once across the region, the second region includes portions of the image rays that pass at least twice across the region, and the third region includes portions of the image rays that pass three times across the region. The first, second, and third regions may have respective areas A1, A2, and A3, such that A3/A2 is greater than or equal to about 0.20, or 0.22, or 0.24, or 0.26, or 0.28, or 0.30.

A head-mounted display device includes a display element with a two-dimensional array of pixels, and an enclosure at least partially enclosing the display element. The head-mounted display device also includes a plurality of light sources located on the enclosure for determining a position of the head-mounted display device. Each light source of the plurality of light sources is uniquely identifiable based at least in part on light emitted by the light source.

A tilt platform for use in an HMD comprises a monolithic spring structure including a first outer planar structure, a second outer planar structure, a middle planar structure disposed between the first and second outer planar structures, a first hinge structure coupling the first outer planar structure and the middle planar structure to each other, and a second hinge structure coupling the second outer planar structure and the middle planar structure to each other. The first and second hinge structures have respective first and second hinge axes that are orthogonal to each other. The tilt platform further comprises a first adjustment mechanism configured for tilting the first outer planar structure and the middle planar structure relative to each other about the first hinge axis, and a second adjustment mechanism configured for tilting the second outer planar structure and the middle planar structure relative to each other about the second hinge axis.

A head-up display system includes an image-forming and projection device, a combiner, a housing, and a lid body. The lid body includes at least a first divided lid body and a second divided lid body which engage with each other at the time of covering an opening of the housing. The first divided lid body includes an optical path regulator that regulates an optical path of projection light of a display image projected from the image-forming and projection device in use of the combiner onto an inner side of the housing, and allows projection light, which is necessary for formation of the virtual image of the display image in the projection light of the display image, to pass through the optical path regulator. The second divided lid body includes a covering member that covers the optical path regulator at the time of covering the opening.

A head up display for a vehicle including an imaging device configured to emit first linearly polarized light in a first direction and second linearly polarized light in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; a polarizing reflection mirror through which the first linearly polarized light is transmitted and from which the second linearly polarized light is reflected; a second reflection mirror spaced apart from the polarizing reflection mirror and at which the first linearly polarized light transmitted through the polarizing reflection mirror is reflected to the polarizing reflection mirror; and a first reflection mirror spaced from the polarizing reflection mirror and configured to reflect the second linearly polarized light reflected from the polarizing reflection mirror to a windshield of the vehicle to produce a first image having a first length from the windshield, and to reflect the first linearly polarized light reflected from the second reflection mirror and transmitted through the polarizing reflection mirror to the windshield of the vehicle to produce a second image having a second length from the windshield different than the first length.

An optical system for an augmented reality head mounted display eyepiece that is configured to deliver images to the eye wherein the optical system includes optics. The optics are disposed so as to receive light output from the light source. The optics further arranged with respect to a spatial light modulator such that the light received from the light source passes through the optics and illuminates the spatial light modulator. The light illuminating the spatial light modulator is redirected back through the optics and is coupled into at least one waveguide through at least one in-coupling optical element. At least a portion of the coupled light is ejected from at least one waveguide by at least one out-coupling optical element and directed to the eye of the user.

A near-eye display device is provided, including a display light source, a rotation module and a refractive amplification component. The rotation module rotates around the rotation center axis. The rotation module is provided with a light source scanning component and a mirror group. The light source scanning component converts the light of some pixel points of the display light source into radial propagation, and then the light is emitted through the mirror group and the refractive amplification component. The light source scanning component turns the light of some pixel points of the display light source into radial propagation, so that the optical path becomes radial direction from axial direction, and increases the optical path distance without increasing the volume of the device, which is conducive to reducing the thickness and volume of the device.

An image light guide for conveying a virtual image has a waveguide that conveys image-bearing light, formed as a flat plate having an in-coupling diffractive optic with a first grating vector diffracting an image-bearing light beam into the waveguide and directing diffracted light. An out-coupling diffractive optic is formed as a plurality of overlapping diffraction gratings including a first grating pattern having first grating vector k1 and a second grating pattern having a second grating vector k2 for expanding and ejecting the expanded image bearing beams from the waveguide into an expanded eyebox within which the virtual image can be seen.

Ultra-compact head-up displays with freeform waveguides are provided.