A method for manufacturing a spacer unit of a display panel, manufacturing a mask and manufacturing a display panel is provided. The method for manufacturing the spacer unit of the display panel includes the following steps of: setting up a multi-tone first mask, and at least two exposure units are disposed on the first mask; forming a plurality of test spacer units through an exposure process using the first mask and recording production data; providing a second mask for manufacturing the display panel based on the production data; and fabricating the spacer units of the display panel by adopting the second mask.

A display panel includes: a substrate; a plurality of first grooves formed in a surface of the substrate; a second metal layer, a dielectric layer and a first metal electrode layer disposed in sequence within each of the plurality of first grooves; electronic ink filled within each of the plurality of first grooves; a first encapsulation substrate disposed on the surface of the substrate provided with the plurality of first grooves; and a plurality of point electrodes disposed on the first encapsulation substrate. The first metal electrode layer is semi-transmissive, the dielectric layer is light-transmissive, and the second metal layer is non-transmissive. The electronic ink includes black charged particles. The plurality of first grooves are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of point electrodes.

Systems and methods are described herein for an optical beam-steering device that includes an optical transmitter and/or receiver to transmit and/or receive optical radiation from an optically reflective surface. An array of adjustable dielectric resonator elements is arranged on the surface with inter-element spacings less than an optical operating wavelength. A controller applies a pattern of voltage differentials to the adjustable dielectric resonator elements. The pattern of voltage differentials corresponds to a sub-wavelength reflection phase pattern for reflecting the optical electromagnetic radiation. One embodiment of a dielectric resonator element includes first and second dielectric members extending from the surface. The dielectric resonator elements are spaced from one another to form a gap or channel therebetween. A voltage-controlled adjustable refractive index material is disposed within the gap.

A method of achieving higher polar anchoring strength of liquid crystal (LC) using monolayer graphene flakes in an LC device and attaining faster electro-optic switching in an LC device comprising the steps of providing graphene in an ethanol solvent, adding a liquid crystal to the graphene and ethanol solution, forming a liquid crystal graphene ethanol solution, evaporating the ethanol, and forming a pure liquid crystal graphene mixture. A liquid crystal device with faster electro-optic switching and higher polar anchoring strength comprising an LC cell having a polyimide (PI) alignment layer, the liquid crystal graphene mixture, wherein the graphene flakes preferentially attach to the PI alignment layer; wherein the effective polar anchoring energy in the LC cell is enhanced by an order of magnitude and wherein the electro-optic response of the LC is accelerated.

A black matrix composition, a liquid crystal display panel and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The black matrix composition is used to form a black matrix layer, and components and percentages by weight of the black matrix composition are: an inorganic filler, and 5% to 10%; an alkali-soluble oligomer, and 5% to 10%; a crosslinking agent, and 5% to 10%; a photopolymerization initiator, and 1%; a thermochromic agent, and 1% to 10%; and a solvent, and 60% to 85%. When the temperature of the black matrix layer is less than 50° C., the black matrix layer is black. When the temperature of the black matrix layer is higher than or equal to 60° C., the black matrix layer is completely transparent.

In various embodiments, a light-emitting diode arrangement is provided. The light-emitting diode arrangement includes a first substrate with a first light-emitting diode which is arranged on the first substrate such that light emitted by it radiates in a main emission direction of the light-emitting diode arrangement, and a second substrate with a second light-emitting diode which is arranged on the second substrate such that light emitted by it radiates in the main emission direction of the light-emitting diode arrangement. The second substrate is arranged above the first substrate, such that the second substrate at least partly covers the first substrate.

A liquid crystal phase modulation device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer, at least one first spacer, and a first alignment layer. The second substrate is opposite to the first substrate. The liquid crystal layer is between the first substrate and the second substrate. The one first spacer is between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first alignment layer is adjacent to the liquid crystal layer and the first spacer, and has a first alignment direction. The first spacer has a first length in the first alignment direction and a second length in a direction perpendicular to the first alignment direction as view from top, and the first length is greater than the second length.

A method for fabricating a liquid crystal phase modulation device is provided. The method includes detecting thicknesses of a plurality of portions of a reference liquid crystal layer of a reference liquid crystal phase modulation sample; determining a distribution according to the thicknesses of the portions of the reference liquid crystal layer; forming a plurality of spacers over a first substrate in the determined distribution; and combining the first substrate with a second substrate and a liquid crystal layer to form the liquid crystal phase modulation device.

A display panel including a first substrate, a second substrate, a display medium layer and a sealant is provided. The second substrate is assembled with the first substrate. The display medium layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The sealant is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, surrounds the display medium layer and includes a continuous one-piece pattern, wherein the continuous one-piece pattern includes a first segment and a second segment, and a difference between a width of the first segment and a width of the second segment is greater than or equal to a third of the width of the second segment.

A display device including a display area and a non-display area disposed outside the display area, the display device including a first display substrate, a second display substrate opposite to the first display substrate, and a sealing member disposed between the first display substrate and the second display substrate in the non-display area and coupling the first display substrate to the second display substrate, in which the first display substrate includes a first substrate and an organic layer disposed on the first substrate, the organic layer includes a plurality of dam patterns disposed in the non-display area, and the dam patterns include a first dam pattern not overlapping the sealing member and having a first trench formed on a surface of the first dam pattern, and a second dam pattern overlapping the sealing member.