A light modulator includes a perovskite-type electro-optic crystal including a first surface to which the input light is input and a second surface which faces the first surface; a first electrode which is disposed on the first surface of the electro-optic crystal and through which the input light is transmitted; a second electrode which is disposed on the second surface of the electro-optic crystal and through which the input light is transmitted; and a drive circuit for applying an electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode. The first electrode is disposed alone on the first surface. The second electrode is disposed alone on the second surface. At least one of the first electrode and the second electrode partially covers the first surface or the second surface. A propagation direction of the input light and an applying direction of the electric field are parallel to each other.

An optical modulator includes an optical modulation element that is accommodated in a housing. A plurality of lead pins, which are electrically connected to the optical modulation element through wire bonding, are fixed to a lateral wall of the housing. Each of the plurality of lead pins includes a portion that protrudes into an inner space (inner surface side) of the housing. A resonance suppressing structure (for example, a concave portion), which is configured to suppress resonance between the lead pins, is provided in a lateral wall portion to which the plurality of lead pins are fixed.

An optical mount includes a mount material in a closed geometry with an outer surface sized for matching internal dimensions of an outer housing, and an inner surface including spaced apart inward extending contacting features providing contact points that collectively define an inner opening sized for securing an optical device including a crystal within. At least one feature gap or a recessed portion is between the inward extending contacting features. Edge holders are adapted for receiving corners of the optical device can be the protrusion pair or inner notches. The outer surface includes at least one outer notch between the inward extending contacting features. The edge holders and outer notch(es) are for each acting as hinge points opening or pinching depending on a direction of force on the optical mount for responding with flexure when there is a dimensional change in the crystal, mount material, or the housing.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an optical modulator in which propagation loss related to transmission of a high-frequency signal is reduced. An optical modulator, in which an electro-optical conversion element E/OC and a driver circuit DRV for driving the electro-optical conversion element are housed in the same case CA, includes: a multiplexer MUX that converts an input modulation signal, which is input from an outside of the case, into an output modulation signal having a higher frequency than the input modulation signal, and supplies the output modulation signal to the driver circuit, in which the multiplexer is housed in the case CA.

A light modulator of to this embodiment enables high-speed modulation to an SLM using a liquid crystal. The light modulator comprises refractive index regions arranged in a first direction on a reference plane, a region surrounding each refractive index regions and having a refractive index lower than that of each refractive index region, a first conductive film, and a second conductive film. The first conductive film is provided on any one of a pair of side surfaces arranged in the first direction in at least one refractive index region selected from the refractive index regions and belonging to a first group. The second conductive film is provided on any one of the pair of side surfaces so as not to overlap with the first conductive film in at least one refractive index region selected from the refractive index regions and belonging to a second group.

A laser device includes: a plurality of optical shutters (61, 62); a power source device (303n) configured to generate high voltage to be applied to the optical shutters (61, 62); a high-voltage side wire (63h) connecting the power source device (303n) and each of the optical shutters (61, 62); a ground-side wire (63g) grounding each of the optical shutters (61, 62); and a high-voltage side shared wire (64h) and a ground-side shared wire (64g) connecting the optical shutters (61, 62) in parallel. One of the high-voltage side wire (63h) and the ground-side wire (63g) is connected with the optical shutter (61) disposed on the most upstream side in the traveling direction of the laser beam, and the other of the high-voltage side wire (63h) and the ground-side wire (63g) is connected with the optical shutter (62) disposed on the most downstream side in the traveling direction of the laser beam.

An optical modulator may include at least one ground electrode. The optical modulator may include at least one signal electrode parallel to the at least one ground electrode. The optical modulator may include at least one waveguide parallel to the at least one ground electrode and the at least one signal electrode. The optical modulator may include a first substrate disposed underneath the at least one ground electrode and the at least one signal electrode relative to a surface of the optical modulator. The optical modulator may include a second substrate disposed underneath at least a portion of the first substrate relative to the surface of the optical modulator. The optical modulator may include a floating conductor disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.

An optical modulator includes a substrate having an electro-optic effect; a waveguide pattern provided on the substrate and configured to modulate light; and a dummy pattern having a predetermined potential along the waveguide pattern from an input side to an output side.

An optical modulator includes: an optical modulation element which is accommodated in a housing and has a signal electrode; a lead pin for inputting a high-frequency signal; a relay substrate in which a conductor pattern which electrically connects the lead pin and the signal electrode is formed; and a conductive extension portion which extends along a length direction of the lead pin in a range which includes at least a position of a connection portion between the lead pin and the conductor pattern, in which the extension portion is electrically connected to the housing.

An electro-optic modulator includes a doped semiconductor crystal having a crystallographic surface having an amplitude modulation orientation, a first metal electrode located on a first surface of the doped semiconductor crystal, a second metal electrode located on a second surface of the doped semiconductor crystal, and accumulation space charge regions located within surface regions of the doped semiconductor crystal that are proximal to the first metal electrode and the second metal electrode and including excess charge carriers of a same type as majority charge carriers of the doped semiconductor crystal.