A structure for an optoelectronics platform and a method of fabricating a structure for an optoelectronics platform such as a Mach-Zehnder modulator or a waveguide. The method comprises the steps of providing a substrate, and depositing a BaTi03, BTO, film on a surface of the substrate and having a thickness suitable for single mode operation with one or more possible polarization configurations with optical confinement in the BTO film at a wavelength or wavelength range of operation; wherein the substrate is chosen to provide vertical refractive index confinement in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the substrate for the single mode operation optical confinement in the BTO film at the wavelength or wavelength range of operation.

A structure for an optoelectronics platform and a method of fabricating a structure for an optoelectronics platform such as a Mach-Zehnder modulator or a waveguide. The method comprises the steps of providing a substrate, and depositing a BaTi03, BTO, film on a surface of the substrate and having a thickness suitable for single mode operation with one or more possible polarization configurations with optical confinement in the BTO film at a wavelength or wavelength range of operation; wherein the substrate is chosen to provide vertical refractive index confinement in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the substrate for the single mode operation optical confinement in the BTO film at the wavelength or wavelength range of operation.

An optical device includes an optical waveguide that is a rib type and that is formed of a thin film lithium niobate (LiNbO.sub.3: LN) substrate using a thin film LN crystal, and a buffer layer that is laminated on the optical waveguide. Furthermore, the optical device includes an electrode that is laminated on the buffer layer and that applies a voltage to the optical waveguide, and a gettering site that is disposed parallel to the optical waveguide and that traps an electric charge inside the optical waveguide.

An optoelectronic system includes a concentration layer, a modulation layer including an array of light modulators, an exit layer that receives the modulation layer output having a modulation layer output spatial distribution and remaps the modulation layer output spatial distribution to a modified spatial distribution. A collector layer receives the modified spatial distribution to produce a collector layer output. A detector receives the collector layer output. A processor controls the modulation layer and receives the detector output to generate an image. The collector layer can receive the modified spatial distribution at a plurality of collector layer inputs and combine the plurality of collector layer inputs at a collector layer output. Modulators can be configured to direct couple modulated light to a collector layer, without using an exit layer. Configurations with spatial light modulator modules and sub-modules are described.

An optoelectronic system includes a concentration layer, a modulation layer including an array of light modulators, an exit layer that receives the modulation layer output having a modulation layer output spatial distribution and remaps the modulation layer output spatial distribution to a modified spatial distribution. A collector layer receives the modified spatial distribution to produce a collector layer output. A detector receives the collector layer output. A processor controls the modulation layer and receives the detector output to generate an image. The collector layer can receive the modified spatial distribution at a plurality of collector layer inputs and combine the plurality of collector layer inputs at a collector layer output. Modulators can be configured to direct couple modulated light to a collector layer, without using an exit layer. Configurations with spatial light modulator modules and sub-modules are described.

An optical waveguide device includes a substrate on which an optical waveguide is formed, and a reinforcing block disposed on the substrate, along an end surface of the substrate on which an input portion or an output portion of the optical waveguide is disposed, in which an optical component that is joined to both the end surface of the substrate and an end surface of the reinforcing block is provided, a material used for a joining surface of the optical component and a material used for the substrate or the reinforcing block have at least different linear expansion coefficients of a direction parallel to the joining surface, and an area of the joining surface is set to be smaller than a maximum value of a total of areas of cross sections of the substrate and the reinforcing block parallel to the joining surface.

An optical waveguide device includes a substrate on which an optical waveguide is formed, and a reinforcing block disposed on the substrate, along an end surface of the substrate on which an input portion or an output portion of the optical waveguide is disposed, in which an optical component that is joined to both the end surface of the substrate and an end surface of the reinforcing block is provided, a material used for a joining surface of the optical component and a material used for the substrate or the reinforcing block have at least different linear expansion coefficients of a direction parallel to the joining surface, and an area of the joining surface is set to be smaller than a maximum value of a total of areas of cross sections of the substrate and the reinforcing block parallel to the joining surface.

A terahertz device includes a first waveguide, which is a plasmonic waveguide, having a first core with a nonlinear material, such as a ferroelectric material, and having a cladding with a first cladding portion including, at a first interface with the first core, a first cladding material that is an electrically conductive material. The terahertz device can include an antenna having a first and a second arm (for receiving or for emitting or for both, receiving and emitting electromagnetic waves in the terahertz range); a first and a second electrode arranged close to the first waveguide.

A terahertz device includes a first waveguide, which is a plasmonic waveguide, having a first core with a nonlinear material, such as a ferroelectric material, and having a cladding with a first cladding portion including, at a first interface with the first core, a first cladding material that is an electrically conductive material. The terahertz device can include an antenna having a first and a second arm (for receiving or for emitting or for both, receiving and emitting electromagnetic waves in the terahertz range); a first and a second electrode arranged close to the first waveguide.

An optical modulator has an optical modulation element including optical waveguides and a housing that accommodates the optical modulation element. The housing has a bottom surface wall having a quadrilateral shape in a plan view, first and second long side walls that are connected to two opposite edges of the bottom surface wall, and first and second short side walls, shorter than the long side walls, and connected to two other opposite edges of the bottom surface wall. The optical modulation element is accommodated in a space surrounded by the bottom surface wall and the side walls. The second long side wall has a wall thickness that is equal to or larger than that of the first long side wall, and at least one of the first and second short side walls has a wall thickness that is thinner than that of the first long side wall.