An image-reading device is provided with a first detection unit for detecting that the front side of a cover is within a first distance to ca copy holder, a second detection unit for detecting that an opening/closing support part is within a second distance to the copy holder, and a control unit. The contorl unit: acquires first detection information due to the first detection unit and second detection information due to the second detection unit, respectively; and identifies, on the basis of the first detection information and the second detection information, whether a copy set in place has a thickness equal to or greater than a fixed value.

An image-reading device is provided with a first detection unit for detecting that the front side of a cover is within a first distance to ca copy holder, a second detection unit for detecting that an opening/closing support part is within a second distance to the copy holder, and a control unit. The contorl unit: acquires first detection information due to the first detection unit and second detection information due to the second detection unit, respectively; and identifies, on the basis of the first detection information and the second detection information, whether a copy set in place has a thickness equal to or greater than a fixed value.

Mask cooling apparatus and mask cooling methods are provided. An exemplary mask cooling apparatus includes a cooler, having a cooling region, a coolant inlet region and a coolant outlet region; cooling channels, disposed in the cooling region of the cooler and used to contact with the mask; coolant inlet channels, disposed in the coolant inlet region and used to introduce a coolant in the cooling channels; and coolant outlet channels, disposed in the coolant outlet region and used to drain the coolant out from the cooling channels.

An image reading device includes: a platen on which a document is placed; a platen cover openable and closable with respect to the platen; a cover-open sensor which detects a fact that the open/close angle of the platen cover has passed a predetermined angle from a close state; a CCD line sensor including charge coupled devices (CCD) arranged for recording a variation in distribution for a fixed period of time of incident light when detecting passing of the platen cover; a variation amount calculator which calculates a variation amount of incident light at each distribution point on the basis of a variation in distribution recorded by the CCD line sensor; and a variation amount determination unit which determines whether or not a variation amount calculated by the variation amount calculator exceeds a predetermined threshold.

An image reading device includes: a platen on which a document is placed; a platen cover openable and closable with respect to the platen; a cover-open sensor which detects a fact that the open/close angle of the platen cover has passed a predetermined angle from a close state; a CCD line sensor including charge coupled devices (CCD) arranged for recording a variation in distribution for a fixed period of time of incident light when detecting passing of the platen cover; a variation amount calculator which calculates a variation amount of incident light at each distribution point on the basis of a variation in distribution recorded by the CCD line sensor; and a variation amount determination unit which determines whether or not a variation amount calculated by the variation amount calculator exceeds a predetermined threshold.

An imaging system is configured to capture images of both obverse and reverse sides of a collectible item using a single image captured by a single camera. The reflective faces of two flat mirrors are positioned at a 90-degree angle, and a collectible item is positioned and secured between the mirrors such that parallel faces of the item or its case are oriented at a 45-degree angle between the flat mirrors. A camera is mounted to face the mirrors with its perspective being parallel to the faces of the item, looking into the mirrors. The camera can see mirrored reflections of both faces of the item simultaneously from a single perspective and can capture views of both faces in a single camera image. The single image can then be cropped and reverse-mirrored automatically or manually in software to extract images of the obverse and reverse sides of the item.

An image reading device includes a rotating magnet unit (42) that rotates in interlock with opening and closing of a document pressing unit (2) and has a magnetic pole of an N pole and a magnetic pole of a S pole disposed at different phase positions in a rotation direction, a magnetic sensor (43) having a magnetic detection part (43a) that is installed in a reading unit or a movable body moving in a sub-scanning direction in interlock with the reading unit, and faces a peripheral surface of the rotating magnet unit (42) only when the reading unit is in a predetermined home position, and a determination unit that determines an opening and closing state of the document pressing unit (2) and determines whether the reading unit is in the predetermined home position on the basis of an output signal from the magnetic sensor (43).

An image reading apparatus comprises a housing having a document table glass, a scanner section, a cover member, an adsorption board, a driving section and a controller. The cover member is connected to the housing to be rotatable around a first rotation center line with respect to the housing between a closed position where the document table glass is covered and an open position. The adsorption board, arranged in a part at a housing side at the time the cover member is positioned at the closed position, has an adsorption surface adsorbing the original document, and is connected to the cover member to be rotatable around a second rotation center line parallel to the first rotation center line. The driving section adsorbs the original document on the adsorption surface of the adsorption board.

An image reading apparatus comprises a housing having a document table glass, a scanner section, a cover member, an adsorption board, a driving section and a controller. The cover member is connected to the housing to be rotatable around a first rotation center line with respect to the housing between a closed position where the document table glass is covered and an open position. The adsorption board, arranged in a part at a housing side at the time the cover member is positioned at the closed position, has an adsorption surface adsorbing the original document, and is connected to the cover member to be rotatable around a second rotation center line parallel to the first rotation center line. The driving section adsorbs the original document on the adsorption surface of the adsorption board.

A lithographic apparatus includes a patterning device support to support a patterning device, the patterning device system including a moveable structure movably arranged relative to an object, a patterning device holder movably arranged relative to the movable structure to hold the patterning device, an actuator to move the movable structure relative to the object, and an ultra short stroke actuator to move the patterning device holder with respect to the movable structure; a substrate support to hold a substrate; a projection system to project a patterned radiation beam onto a target portion of the substrate; a transmission image sensor for measuring a position of the patterned radiation beam downstream of the projection system; and a calibrator for determining a relationship between magnitude of an applied control signal to the ultra short stroke actuator and resulting change in position of the patterned radiation beam and/or patterning device holder and/or patterning device.