An oximetry device for determining mammalian fetus oxygen levels, the oximetry device constituted of: a sensor module comprising multiple light sources of different wavelengths and at least one optical sensor; a processing unit in communication with the sensor module, the processing unit comprising a processor, and a memory, the processor in communication with an output device, the memory comprising electronically readable instructions to cause the processor to: energize the multiple light sources; determine a time varying amplitude of an output of the at least one optical sensor; asses a quality of a location of the sensor module responsive to the determined time varying amplitude; provide to the output device an indication of the assessment of quality of the location; extract features from the determined time varying amplitude; and output an indication of the mammalian fetus oxygen level responsive to the extracted features from the determined time varying amplitude.

An oximetry device for determining mammalian fetus oxygen levels, the oximetry device constituted of: a sensor module comprising multiple light sources of different wavelengths and at least one optical sensor; a processing unit in communication with the sensor module, the processing unit comprising a processor, and a memory, the processor in communication with an output device, the memory comprising electronically readable instructions to cause the processor to: energize the multiple light sources; determine a time varying amplitude of an output of the at least one optical sensor; asses a quality of a location of the sensor module responsive to the determined time varying amplitude; provide to the output device an indication of the assessment of quality of the location; extract features from the determined time varying amplitude; and output an indication of the mammalian fetus oxygen level responsive to the extracted features from the determined time varying amplitude.

Optoacoustic diagnostic systems, devices, and methods are described. A system may comprise a console unit and a handheld probe. The console unit comprises a controller, a processor, a photodiode array, an acoustic processing subsystem, and a cooling subsystem. The probe directs light signals from the photodiode array to patient tissue. The light signals each have different wavelengths selected based on the physiological parameter of interest. The probe further comprises an acoustic transducer that receives acoustic signals generated in response to the directed light signals. The probe may comprise a finger-held working end that can be directed to the skull of a fetus within the uterus during labor. The probe can then accurately determine blood oxygenation of the fetus to determine if a caesarian section is necessary.

Optoacoustic diagnostic systems, devices, and methods are described. A system may comprise a console unit and a handheld probe. The console unit comprises a controller, a processor, a photodiode array, an acoustic processing subsystem, and a cooling subsystem. The probe directs light signals from the photodiode array to patient tissue. The light signals each have different wavelengths selected based on the physiological parameter of interest. The probe further comprises an acoustic transducer that receives acoustic signals generated in response to the directed light signals. The probe may comprise a finger-held working end that can be directed to the skull of a fetus within the uterus during labor. The probe can then accurately determine blood oxygenation of the fetus to determine if a caesarian section is necessary.

Systems and methods are described, and one method includes determining a fetal blood oxygenation level, including: activating at least one light source with at least two distinct wavelengths of light on an abdomen of a pregnant mammal to direct light into a maternal abdomen toward a fetus; receiving a set of mixed signals from a set of photodetectors positioned at different locations on the maternal abdomen from reflected light that traverses maternal tissue or maternal tissue and fetal tissue; determining the fetal blood oxygenation level by performing computations on a composite fetal signal produced from the mixed signals; and ensuring a skin temperature of the maternal abdomen does not rise to unsafe levels due to activating the at least one light source.

A glucose sensor may include a substrate, a processor mounted to the substrate, and a plurality of electrodes mounted to the substrate and operatively connected to the processor. The plurality of electrodes may be adapted to detect a condition on or below a surface.

A glucose sensor may include a substrate, a processor mounted to the substrate, and a plurality of electrodes mounted to the substrate and operatively connected to the processor. The plurality of electrodes may be adapted to detect a condition on or below a surface.

The disclosed system determines a fetal blood oxygenation level. During operation, the system activates two or more light sources, having different wavelengths, which are positioned on the abdomen of a pregnant mammal to direct light into the maternal abdomen toward a fetus. Next, the system receives a set of mixed signals from a set of photodetectors, which are positioned at different locations on the maternal abdomen to receive reflected light that traverses both maternal and fetal tissue. The system then performs a filtering operation that removes signal components associated with a maternal heart rate and a maternal respiration rate from the set of mixed signals to produce a set of fetal signals. Next, the system combines the set of fetal signals to produce a composite fetal signal. Finally, the system determines the fetal blood oxygenation level by performing a pulse-oximetry computation based on the composite fetal signal.

The disclosed system determines a fetal blood oxygenation level. During operation, the system activates two or more light sources, having different wavelengths, which are positioned on the abdomen of a pregnant mammal to direct light into the maternal abdomen toward a fetus. Next, the system receives a set of mixed signals from a set of photodetectors, which are positioned at different locations on the maternal abdomen to receive reflected light that traverses both maternal and fetal tissue. The system then performs a filtering operation that removes signal components associated with a maternal heart rate and a maternal respiration rate from the set of mixed signals to produce a set of fetal signals. Next, the system combines the set of fetal signals to produce a composite fetal signal. Finally, the system determines the fetal blood oxygenation level by performing a pulse-oximetry computation based on the composite fetal signal.

The invention relates to a non-invasive method for determining hypoxia in a subject. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out said method and to the use of said device for determining hypoxia in a subject.