Provided is a method of producing a toner including the steps of: mixing a resin solution comprising a resin R, a colorant, and an organic solvent, a resin fine particle comprising a resin S containing an element α, and carbon dioxide to form a droplet having a surface covered with the resin fine particle; introducing carbon dioxide in a liquid state and pressurizing to extract the organic solvent in the droplet; and removing the extracted organic solvent together with the carbon dioxide to provide a toner particle. In the method of producing a toner, when the resin fine particle is treated with the carbon dioxide in a liquid state, a change in amount of the element α on the surface of the resin fine particle after the treatment as compared to the amount before the treatment falls within a specific range.

Provided is a toner having a toner particle containing a binder resin and a wax, wherein the wax concentrations near the outermost surface of the toner and in the surface layer region below the outermost surface are controlled, so that the wax moves with high efficiency to near the outermost surface during heating.

A method for producing a capsule toner includes preparing core particles; preparing a shell fine particle dispersion liquid having a surface tension of 50 mN/m or more, as measured at 25° C., by dissolving a polyester resin in an organic solvent, thereafter performing neutralization with a neutralizer, and thereafter forming the polyester resin into fine particles; adjusting the surface tension of the shell fine particle dispersion liquid to less than 50 mN/m, as measured at 25° C., by adding a substance that does not include a surfactant to the shell fine particle dispersion liquid; and adhering the shell fine particle dispersion liquid to the surfaces of the core particles. The substance dissolves in or mixes with water and (i) has a vapor pressure equal to or greater than the vapor pressure of water or (ii) has a vapor pressure less than the vapor pressure of water and can be azeotropic with water.

A low melt toner includes a core having a core polystyrene-butyl acrylate resin, a crystalline polyester resin, a pigment present in an amount from about 7% to about 20% by weight of the low melt toner, and a paraffin wax; a ratio of the polystyrene-butyl acrylate resin to crystalline polyester resin is in a range from about 5:1 to about 7:1; and a shell disposed over the core including a shell polystyrene-butyl acrylate resin.

A toner composition comprising (a) a first lower molecular weight amorphous polyester resin comprising a polyester derived from dodecenyl succinic acid, dodecenyl succinic anhydride, or a combination thereof present in an amount of from about 5 to about 15 weight percent, based on the total weight of the first amorphous polyester; (b) a second higher molecular weight amorphous polyester resin comprising a polyester derived from dodecenyl succinic acid, dodecenyl succinic anhydride, or a combination thereof, and a branching agent derived from a polyacid or polyol component; wherein the dodecenyl succinic acid, dodecenyl succinic anhydride, or combination thereof is present in the second amorphous polyester in an amount of from about 5 to about 15 weight percent, based on the total weight of the second amorphous polyester; (c) a crystalline polyester resin; (d) a wax; and (e) optionally, a colorant.

An electrostatic latent image developing toner includes a plurality of toner particles each including a core containing a binder resin and a shell layer covering a surface of the core. The shell layer contains a copolymer of at least two vinyl compounds including a compound represented by the following formula (1). The toner contains a ring unopened oxazoline group in an amount of at least 0.10 μmol/g and no greater than 100 μmol/g.

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An electrostatic latent image developing toner includes a plurality of toner particles each including a core and a shell layer covering a surface of the core. The shell layer includes a resin film and a plurality of resin particles. The shell layer contains a first resin forming the resin film, a second resin forming the resin particles, and an alkyl benzene sulfonic acid compound. The first resin is more hydrophobic than the second resin. The second resin is more positively chargeable than the first resin. The second resin has a repeating unit capable of forming a salt with the alkyl benzene sulfonic acid compound.

A method for producing a resin particle dispersion includes using a resin particle dispersion production apparatus including: two or more resin particle dispersion production lines each including an emulsification tank in which a resin is subjected to phase inversion emulsification using two or more organic solvents and an aqueous medium to thereby obtain a phase-inverted emulsion, a distillation tank in which the organic solvents are removed from the phase-inverted emulsion by reduced pressure distillation to thereby obtain a resin particle dispersion, and plural distillate collection tanks that collect distillates formed during the reduced pressure distillation according to respective target distillate compositions; and a reusable distillate storage tank A that collects and stores a distillate collected in at least one distillate collection tank A among the distillates collected in the plural distillate collection tanks in each of the two or more resin particle dispersion production lines. The distillate collected in the reusable distillate storage tank A is delivered to the emulsification tank in at least one resin particle dispersion production line among the two or more resin particle dispersion production lines to reuse the distillate for production of a phase-inverted emulsion in the at least one resin particle dispersion production line.

Disclosed herein is a toner composition, developer and additive for a toner composition. The toner composition includes toner particles having at least one resin, an optional colorant, an optional wax, and a crosslinked polymer particle on at least a portion of an external surface of the toner particles. The crosslinked polymeric particle on a surface of the toner particles includes at least a hydrophobic monomer comprising a non-fluorinated monomer having a carbon to oxygen (C/O) ratio of 3 or greater or a fluorinated monomer. The crosslinked polymer particle includes a second monomer comprising two or more vinyl groups present in an amount from about 8 wt % to about 40 wt % of the copolymer, a metal oxide and optionally a charge control agent monomer.

A method for producing a toner for developing an electrostatic charge image includes: aggregating at least resin particles contained in a dispersion by using an aluminum aggregating agent to form aggregated particles; heating and fusing the aggregated particles to form fused particles; cooling a dispersion containing the fused particles to obtain a toner particle dispersion; and adjusting a pH of the toner particle dispersion to 8 or more and 11 or less.