The present invention provides a toner transfer roller which exhibits decreased toner charge (Q/M) and an enhanced toner transfer rate (M/A). Specifically, the present invention provides: a toner transfer roller for a negatively chargeable toner, comprising a rotating shaft and a polyurethane foam body layer provided to surround the rotating shaft, wherein the polyurethane foam body layer contains a charge control agent which is negatively chargeable with respect to polyurethane in triboelectric series; and a toner transfer roller for a positively chargeable toner, comprising said rotating shaft and said polyurethane foam body layer, wherein said polyurethane foam body layer contains a charge control agent which is positively chargeable with respect to polyurethane in triboelectric series.

The present disclosure relates to a consumable chip, a consumable, an image forming device, and an image forming control method. The consumable chip is detachably installed on the consumable, and the consumable is detachably installed on the image forming device. The consumable chip includes a chip control unit, and the chip control unit is used to obtain a response signal based on a query signal, and process the response signal based on a preset rule to generate verification data, and the verification data is used to determine whether the consumable is a consumable that meets the preset requirement. The consumable chip generates verification data by processing the response signal according to preset rules, so that the verification data received by the image forming device includes both the response signal and auxiliary verification data obtained according to the response signal, thereby improving the verification reliability of forming device on consumable chip.

When an outer diameter of a charging member is defined as Hc, a ratio of the circumferential velocity of the charging member to the circumferential velocity of an image bearing member is defined as Rc, an outer diameter of a developer bearing member is defined as Hd, and a ratio of the circumferential velocity of the developer bearing member to the circumferential velocity of the image bearing member is defined as Rd, the relationship Hc/RcHd/Rd is satisfied.

An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a developing device, a cleaning member, a collecting container having a discharge port for collecting a developer, and a control portion that can execute a supply mode in which a region of the image bearing member that is supplied with the developer from the developing device passes through the contact region with rotation of the image bearing member to allow the cleaning member to supply the developer into the collecting container. The discharge port is provided between a first end portion and a second end portion of the image bearing member in a direction of a rotation axis line of the image bearing member. The control portion performs control such that a portion of the region supplied with the developer in the supply mode overlaps, in the direction of the rotation axis line, a position where the discharge port is provided.

A voltage generating apparatus includes: a first circuit configured to output a first voltage; a controller configured to control a value of the first voltage output by the first circuit with a control signal; and a storage unit configured to store control information of the first circuit. The controller uses the control signal for communication with the storage unit.

An image forming apparatus incudes a first conveyance guide portion having a first roller, a first engagement portion, and a second engagement portion, and includes a second conveyance guide portion having a second roller, a first engaged portion, and a second engaged portion. The first and second conveyance guide portions form a conveyance path where the first and second rollers convey a sheet. The second conveyance guide portion moves so that engagement between the second engagement portion and the second engaged portion is released and relative positioning between the second and first conveyance guide portions is released. When the first engagement portion and the first engaged portion engage each other and the relative positioning between the second and first conveyance guide portions is released, the second conveyance guide portion pivots in an opening direction relative to the first conveyance guide portion so that the conveyance path is opened.

An image forming apparatus includes a rotatable rotary including a developing roller and a storage frame including a storage portion to store toner, a body frame with an opening, a toner cartridge which is attachable to and detachable from the rotary through the opening, which is movable to an attached position and a retracted position, a moving device to move the toner cartridge from the attached position to the retracted position, and an opening/closing member provided to be movable between a closed position and an open position. The opening/closing member moves from the closed position to the open position in an interconnected manner with movement of the toner cartridge from the attached position to the retracted position by the moving device.

The present disclosure provides a process cartridge and a potential detection part. The process cartridge includes a cartridge body, a photosensitive drum rotatably installed at the cartridge body, and a potential detection part configured to detect an electrical signal on the image-forming region. The potential detection part includes a detection starting portion and a detection ending portion; the detection starting portion and the detection ending portion respectively correspond to a detection starting position and a detection ending position of a detectable region of the potential detection part along a first direction; a maximum distance along the first direction between orthographic projections of the detection starting portion and the detection ending portion on the image-forming region is L1; a length of the image-forming region along the first direction is L2; the first direction is in parallel with an axis direction of the photosensitive drum; and L1/L2>.

An image forming apparatus includes a toner cartridge which is attachable to and detachable from a rotary through the opening of the body frame and is movable to an attached position where a discharge opening faces an inlet opening such that a toner storage portion and a developing storage portion communicate with each other via the discharge opening and the inlet opening and a retracted position where the toner cartridge is retracted from the attached position, with respect to a storage frame. In addition, one or more motors (i) move the toner cartridge from the attached position to the retracted position and (ii) rotate the rotary with the toner cartridge about a rotation axis between (ii-1) a developing posture in which a developing roller faces a photosensitive drum and (ii-2) a replacement posture in which detachment of the toner cartridge from the rotary is allowed. The toner cartridge is configured such that at least part of the toner cartridge projects outside the body frame in a state in which the toner cartridge is at the retracted position.

A developing device of developing a latent image formed on an image bearer includes a developing roller, a developer regulator of a round-bar shape, and a holder. The developing roller carries developer. The developer regulator faces the developing roller to regulate an amount of the developer carried on a surface of the developing roller. The holder has a first hole, a second hole, and a projection. An end of the developer regulator is inserted in the first hole. A shaft at an end of the developing roller is inserted in the second hole. The projection protrudes toward an inside of the at least one of the first hole or the second hole and holds the end of the developer regulator and the shaft.