The electronic card with printed circuit comprises at least one diffraction structure (DS) having a cavity (15) and a diffraction plate (17). In accordance with the invention, the diffraction structure is incorporated in the thickness of the electronic card with printed circuit, the cavity being formed, by removal of material, in the thickness of the electronic card with printed circuit and the diffraction plate being formed in a plate which is arranged on the electronic card with printed circuit and closes the cavity.

The invention relates to a multilayer body with a volume hologram layer and a partial opaque layer, arranged on a surface of the volume hologram layer, which is present in a first area and is not present in a second area. The invention furthermore relates to a method for the production of such a multilayer body, as well as a security element and security document with such a multilayer body.

An optical device is formed by hot stamping a demetallized hologram to an optically variable foil or to a coating of optically variable ink. In another embodiment a hologram is hot stamped to a banknote or document printed with a color-shifting ink.

The object of the present invention is to provide an optical information medium having a colored glossy effect which is single- or multi-colored in regions where a reflective layer is present, but colorless in regions where the reflective layer is absent. The optical information medium of the present invention includes a bonding part (receiving layer), at least one image part, and an adhesive layer (protective layer) covering the at least one image part, wherein each of the image part includes a micro-protrusion/depression structure including part having a micro-protrusion/depression structure on at least a part of the surface opposite to the bonding part, a reflective layer, and a mask layer, in the order from the bonding part (receiving layer), the micro-protrusion/depression structure including part is colorless or colored in one or more translucent or opaque color, and at least one of the micro-protrusion/depression structure including part of the image part is colored in one or more translucent or opaque color.

An illumination apparatus using a coherent light source, comprising: a coherent light source that generates a coherent light beam, a microlens array including a collection of a large number of independent lenses; and a light beam scanning device that irradiates the light beam onto the microlens array and carries out scanning so that an irradiation position and an irradiation direction of the light beam on the microlens array changes with time. Each of the independent lenses included in the microlens array has a function of refracting light irradiated from the light beam scanning device and forming an irradiation region on a light receiving surface. The light receiving surface is not a refractive element, and is configured so that irradiation regions formed by the independent lenses become substantially a same common region on the light receiving surface. The irradiation regions being irradiated by light which is refracted by the independent lenses.

Metasurfaces provide compact optical elements in head-mounted display systems to, e.g., incouple light into or outcouple light out of a waveguide. The metasurfaces may be formed by a plurality of repeating unit cells, each unit cell comprising two sets or more of nanobeams elongated in crossing directions: one or more first nanobeams elongated in a first direction and a plurality of second nanobeams elongated in a second direction. As seen in a top-down view, the first direction may be along a y-axis, and the second direction may be along an x-axis. The unit cells may have a periodicity in the range of 10 nm to 1 m, including 10 nm to 500 nm or 300 nm to 500 nm. Advantageously, the metasurfaces provide diffraction of light with high diffraction angles and high diffraction efficiencies over a broad range of incident angles and for incident light with circular polarization.

A 2D hologram system with a matrix addressing scheme is provided. The system may include a 2D array of sub-wavelength hologram elements integrated with a refractive index tunable core material on a wafer substrate. The system may also include a matrix addressing scheme coupled to the 2D array of sub-wavelength hologram elements and configured to independently control each of the sub-wavelength hologram elements by applying a voltage.

Imaging apparatus and methods using diffraction-based illumination are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a diffraction grating to redirect light from a light source toward a sample to thereby illuminate the sample. The example apparatus also includes an image sensor to detect a diffraction pattern created by the illuminated sample.

Exemplary systems that may reduce or eliminate the visibility of a boundary between the displaying portions of the system and the non-displaying portions of the system are disclosed. An exemplary system includes a display screen including a plurality of pixels forming a first periodic structure and a frame surrounding at least a portion of the display screen. The frame may include a holographic structure having a second periodic structure. The first pitch of the first periodic structure may be within 0.5 percent to 20 percent of the second pitch of the second periodic structure.

A phase modulation structure includes a recording surface including phase angle recording regions in a plurality of calculated element regions corresponding to reconstruction points of an image on a one-to-one basis, each phase angle recording region being formed of a plurality of unit blocks in each of which a phase angle is recorded, the phase angle being calculated based on a phase that is a sum of a plurality of phases of light from the corresponding reconstruction points; and a representative area that is one of divisions of the calculated element region, the representative area being obtained by radially dividing the calculated element region centered on a point on the calculated element region, the point being obtained by extending a normal line from the corresponding reconstruction point to the calculated element region on the recording surface.