Provided are a light guide plate, a backlight unit, and a holographic display apparatus including the backlight unit. The backlight unit includes a light source and a light guide plate including two or more layers configured to guide light from the light source, wherein the two or more layers are configured to control a ratio of light transmitted therethrough to light reflected thereby.

Display spectacles and a driving method thereof are disclosed. The display spectacles include a spectacle frame and two display devices provided on the spectacle frame as spectacle lenses. Each of the display devices includes a backlight, a lower substrate on a light exit side of the backlight, an upper substrate arranged opposite to the lower substrate, a liquid crystal layer located between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, a plurality of electrode structures located between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, and a control unit. During displaying, the electrode structure deflects liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the electrode structure to form a microprism structure. The control unit adjusts a voltage on the electrode structure, thereby controlling total internal reflection or refraction of the microprism structure for light emitted from the backlight, and the adjustment for display gray scale can thus be realized.

A backlight unit (BLU), for a binocular holographic display apparatus, and the binocular holographic display apparatus including the BLU are provided. The BLU includes: a light source unit that emits coherent illumination light; and a light guide plate that is transparent and includes a light incidence surface onto which the coherent illumination light emitted by the light source unit is incident and a light emission surface through which the illumination light is output. The light source unit includes a beam deflector that adjusts an incidence angle of the illumination light incident onto the light guide plate.

For comfortable viewing of a 3-D scene at various viewing angles, a display having a large tracking range for a variable viewer distance is required. A controllable light-influencing element deflects light in coarse steps in a viewer range. Within said steps, the light is deflected by a further controllable light-influencing element continuously or with fine gradation. The light modulation device is suitable in holographic or autostereoscopic displays for guiding the visibility ranges of the image information to be displayed so as to follow the eyes of the viewers.

A method of forming a rarefied hologram for video imaging and 3D lithography by using an MEMS/SLM with a plurality of pixels on the surface at a fixed distance from the retina of the viewer' eye. The method consists of providing an initial desired image, which has to be holographically reproduced by the MEMS/SLM as a remote virtual 3D image visible by the viewer's eye. The desired image is coded in a special manner and mapped by encoding and calculating only a part of the initial desired image. The operations of the pixels are controlled in accordance with the code for generation of the holographic pattern. Since only a part of a holographic pattern of the image is encoded and calculated, it becomes possible to reduce the calculation time and decrease parasitic light scattering.

A light filed (LF) display system for displaying holographic content to viewers in an amusement park (e.g., as part of an amusement park ride). The LF display system in an amusement park includes LF display modules tiled together to form an array of LF modules. In some embodiments, the LF display system includes a tracking system and/or a viewer profiling module. The tracking system and viewer profiling module can monitor and store characteristics of viewers on the amusement park ride, a viewer profile describing a viewer, and/or responses of viewers to the holographic content during the amusement park ride. The holographic content created for display on an amusement park ride can be based on any of the monitored or stored information.

A method for displaying a hologram to a variable direction including using circuitry to determine a direction from a holographic projector to a viewer for projecting a hologram to a viewer, and projecting a hologram in the determined direction, in which the projecting the hologram includes reflecting from a same mirror as the determining the direction of the viewer, and the circuitry controls the projecting the hologram to a direction corrected for a difference in direction between a projecting unit and a tracking unit relative to the mirror. Related apparatus and methods are also described.

Provided are an apparatus and a method for displaying a hologram image based on pupil tracking, wherein a hologram image display apparatus includes a location determiner to determine a location of a user using a captured image of the user and a hologram information reconstructor to reconstruct first hologram information as second hologram information optimized for the location of the user to reproduce the hologram image.

An illumination apparatus includes a light source, a light guide plate, and an adjacent layer. The light guide plate includes a first surface, a second surface facing the first surface, and plural light exit portions provided on one of the first and second surfaces. The light guide plate guides therethrough a beam of light incident upon one of the first and second surfaces while reflecting the beam between the first and second surfaces. The light guide plate redirects the beam incident upon any one of the plural light exit portions so as to cause the beam to exit the light guide plate. The adjacent layer provided adjacent to at least one of the first and second surfaces has a lower refractive index than that of the light guide plate and increases a critical angle compared to that observed when air exists instead of the adjacent layer.

Processes and systems are described that can produce images including both three dimensional holographic images and two dimensional variable data, which can provide personalized security features in a document. A photosensitive film can be pressed against a first reflective optical device. A laser beam can be directed through a selected first area of the photosensitive film onto the first reflective optical device to produce a three dimensional holographic image in the photosensitive film. A previously masked second area of the photosensitive film can be pressed against a second reflective optical device. The laser beam can project an image constructed by a spatial light modulator and can be directed through the second area of the photosensitive film onto the second reflective optical device to produce a two dimensional image in the second area. During the process, the web tension of the photosensitive film is controlled.